Discuss the flora and fauna of Renuka Wetland of Himachal Pradesh. (HPAS Mains Question Paper 2022 – GS 3, Q.15)
Renuka Wetland is a natural lake in the Himachal Pradesh district of Sirmaur. The Renuka Wildlife Sanctuary, which is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, surrounds the wetland.
- Flora: A mixed forest of deodar, blue pine, and oak trees surrounds the wetland. A wide range of plant species, including herbs, shrubs, and trees, can be found in the forest. The following are some of the essential plant species found in the area:
- Rhododendron arboreum: This species, also known as the “Burans” tree, is found in the forests surrounding Renuka Wetland. It has lovely red flowers in the spring.
- Pinus wallichiana: A valuable timber species, Pinus wallichiana is found at higher elevations in the region.
- Quercus leucotrichophora: Also known as “Banj Oak,” this species of oak tree grows at lower elevations in the forest and provides food and habitat for a variety of animals.
- Bergenia ciliata: This herb has medicinal properties and is commonly found in wetland areas.
The Renuka Wetland and surrounding forest are home to a wide range of animals, including several rare and endangered species. The following are some of the important animal species found in the area:
- The Asiatic black bear is a critically endangered species that lives in the forests that surround the wetland. The species is endangered due to habitat loss and poaching.
- Himalayan tahr: A popular game animal, this species of wild goat is found at higher elevations in the region.
- The common leopard is found in the forests surrounding the wetland and is known to prey on domestic livestock.
- Indian crested porcupine: This species of rodent is common in the area and lives in the lower elevations of the forest.
- Red junglefowl: An important game bird, this species of bird can be found in the forests surrounding the wetland.
- The Renuka Wetland and its surrounding forest are vital ecological habitats for a wide variety of flora and fauna. However, human activities such as deforestation, poaching, and pollution endanger these habitats. It is critical to put in place effective conservation measures to protect these vital ecosystems and the species that rely on them.
The Renuka Wetland and its surrounding forest are vital ecological habitats for a wide variety of flora and fauna. However, human activities such as deforestation, poaching, and pollution endanger these habitats. It is critical to put in place effective conservation measures to protect these vital ecosystems and the species that rely on them.
