Describe the criteria for identification of Biodiversity Heritage Sites (BDS) in Himachal Pradesh. (HPAS Mains Question Paper 2022 – GS 3, Q.13)
Himachal Pradesh is a state in India with a diverse range of ecosystems, species, and habitats. The Himachal Pradesh State Biodiversity Board has developed a set of criteria for identifying Biodiversity Heritage Sites in order to identify and protect the most critical areas of biodiversity in the state.
These are some of the criteria:
- Biodiversity that is unique to the region and is threatened by human activities or natural processes: The site should have a high level of biodiversity that is unique to the region and is threatened by human activities or natural processes.
- The site should have cultural and traditional significance for local communities, and it may be associated with traditional knowledge, practises, or beliefs.
- Ecological and evolutionary processes: The site should have distinctive ecological and evolutionary processes that are important for biodiversity conservation and management.
- Landscape and visual appeal: The site should have exceptional aesthetic and visual appeal, and it may be a prominent feature in the surrounding landscape.
- Potential for scientific research and education: Researchers, students, and other stakeholders may be interested in the site’s potential for scientific research and education.
When a site is designated as a Biodiversity Heritage Site, it is legally protected under the Biological Diversity Act of 2002. This includes the formation of a Biodiversity Management Committee, which will be in charge of the site’s conservation and management, as well as the creation of a management plan that will include measures to protect biodiversity, promote sustainable use, and raise awareness among local communities and other stakeholders.
