COMPUTER SOFTWARE MCQ Questions and Answers

The correct term used to describe the intangible instructions that tell the computer what to do is “software.” Software refers to the programs, applications, and operating systems that are written in programming languages and run on computer hardware to perform specific tasks and operations. It provides the set of instructions that control the behavior and functionality of the computer system. Therefore, the correct answer is “software.”

Software refers to programs or applications that are designed to perform specific tasks on a computer or other electronic devices. It encompasses all the instructions and data that enable the computer to carry out various operations. Software can include operating systems, utility programs, application software, and more. It is distinct from hardware, which refers to the physical components of a computer system. Firmware, on the other hand, is a type of software that is embedded in a hardware device and provides low-level control and functionality. Therefore, the correct answer is “programs.”

Among the options provided, the software is Internet Explorer. Internet Explorer is a web browser software that allows users to access and browse the internet. The keyboard, scanner, mouse, and printer are all hardware devices that require software (such as drivers or firmware) to function properly, but they themselves are not considered software.

The primary purpose of software is to turn data into information. Software processes and manipulates raw data to generate meaningful output that can be understood and used by humans. It organizes, analyzes, and presents data in a structured and meaningful way, enabling users to make informed decisions or perform specific tasks. While software can be used to create programs, objects, charts, and websites, its fundamental role is to transform data into information.

The steps and tasks needed to process data, such as responding to questions or clicking an icon, are called instructions. Instructions are specific commands or operations that are given to the computer to carry out a particular task. These instructions can be part of an application software or a program that is designed to perform specific functions. The operating system is responsible for managing and coordinating the computer’s hardware and software resources, but it is not specifically related to the steps and tasks needed to process data. The system unit refers to the main components of a computer, such as the motherboard, CPU, memory, and storage, and is not directly related to the processing of data or instructions.

The two broad categories of software are system software and application software.

1. System software: This category of software includes the operating system, device drivers, and other utility programs that provide essential functions for the computer system. The operating system manages hardware resources, provides a user interface, and enables communication between software and hardware components. Device drivers allow the operating system to communicate with specific hardware devices.
2. Application software: This category of software includes programs and applications designed to perform specific tasks or functions for end-users. Examples of application software include word processors, spreadsheets, web browsers, graphics editors, and email clients. Application software is built on top of the system software and relies on it to function properly.

The other options provided in the question do not represent the two broad categories of software. Word processing and spreadsheet refer to specific types of applications within the application software category. Transaction and application are not generally used to categorize software. Windows and Mac OS are specific operating systems and not categories of software.

1. System software helps the computer manage internal resources. It is a type of software that provides essential functions and services to enable the proper functioning of a computer system. System software includes the operating system, device drivers, firmware, and utility programs that assist in managing hardware, memory, file systems, and other internal components of the computer.

System software does not necessarily allow the user to diagnose and troubleshoot the device directly. While some system software may include diagnostic and troubleshooting tools, their primary purpose is to facilitate the management and optimization of the computer system rather than being dedicated diagnostic software.

System software is not a programming language itself but provides a platform and environment for executing programming languages and running application software.

System software is distinct from productivity suites, which are bundles of application software that include programs like word processors, spreadsheets, presentation software, and more.

System software is not an optional form of software. It is essential for the proper functioning of a computer system, and without it, the computer may not be able to operate or perform tasks effectively.

The correct answer is “system software.” System software refers to a collection of programs and tools that help manage and control a computer’s operations and resources. Examples of system software include operating systems like Windows, macOS, and Linux, device drivers, utility programs, and system libraries. System software is responsible for facilitating communication between hardware and application software, managing memory and storage, and providing essential services for the computer’s functionality.

The correct answer is “System software.” System software works with end-users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details. It provides essential services and manages the overall operation of a computer system. System software includes the operating system, device drivers, utility programs, and system libraries. It ensures that the computer hardware and software components work together efficiently and provides a platform for running application software.

The correct answer is “System software.” System software is the set of programs that enables a computer’s hardware devices and application software to work together. It provides the necessary functionality and services to facilitate communication and coordination between the hardware components and the software applications. System software includes the operating system, device drivers, utility programs, and system libraries. These components work together to manage resources, provide an interface for application software, and ensure the proper functioning of the computer system as a whole.

The correct answer is “operating system.” An operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources, provides common services for computer programs, and allows users to interact with the computer. It helps control the operation of the computer and keeps track of data by managing processes, memory, storage, and input/output devices. Examples of operating systems include Windows, macOS, Linux, and Android.

A computer cannot ‘boot’ if it does not have the operating system. The booting process is the initial sequence of operations that a computer undergoes when it is powered on or restarted. During the boot process, the computer’s hardware is initialized, and the operating system is loaded into memory and executed. The operating system is responsible for managing the computer’s resources, providing services to software applications, and facilitating user interaction. Without an operating system, the computer would not have the necessary instructions and software infrastructure to start and operate effectively.

The correct answer is the operating system. The operating system is responsible for managing and controlling the computer’s components, including hardware devices such as the processor, memory, storage, input/output devices, and network interfaces. It provides the necessary instructions and interfaces to enable communication and coordination between these components. The operating system also governs the execution of software applications and provides services and utilities that allow users to interact with the computer efficiently. Therefore, the operating system plays a vital role in instructing the computer on how to utilize its components effectively.

The correct answer is “system software.” The operating system falls under the category of system software. System software refers to the collection of programs and utilities that facilitate the operation of a computer system and provide a platform for running applications. It acts as an intermediary between the hardware and the software, managing system resources, providing essential services, and enabling communication between different components of the computer system. Examples of system software include operating systems (such as Windows, macOS, Linux), device drivers, firmware, and utility programs.

The correct answer is “documentation.” The documentation manual provides instructions and information on how to use a software program effectively. It typically includes detailed descriptions of the program’s features, functionalities, and user interface, along with step-by-step instructions and examples. Documentation helps users understand the software’s capabilities, learn how to perform specific tasks or operations, and troubleshoot any issues they may encounter. It may come in various forms, such as user manuals, online help systems, tutorials, guides, or reference materials. The purpose of documentation is to assist users in maximizing their understanding and utilization of the software program.

The acronym BIOS stands for “Basic Input/Output System.” BIOS is a firmware that is stored on a computer’s motherboard. It is responsible for initializing and testing hardware components during the boot process and providing basic functionality for the computer to interact with input and output devices. The BIOS performs essential tasks such as loading the operating system from the storage device into memory, configuring hardware settings, and providing a basic interface for low-level system operations. It is a crucial component that facilitates the communication between the computer’s hardware and software.

The correct answer is “BIOS.” BIOS, which stands for Basic Input/Output System, includes boot firmware and power management functions. The BIOS is a firmware that is stored on a computer’s motherboard and is responsible for initializing and testing hardware components during the boot process. It contains the necessary instructions for the computer to start up and load the operating system into memory. Additionally, the BIOS also includes power management features that allow the computer to control the power usage and behavior of various components, such as adjusting power states, sleep modes, and handling power-related events.

The correct answer is “device driver.” In order for a peripheral device to operate correctly, its device driver must be installed. A device driver is a software component that allows the operating system to communicate and interact with hardware devices. It provides the necessary instructions and protocols for the operating system to control and utilize the peripheral device effectively. When a peripheral device is connected to a computer, the operating system needs the appropriate device driver to recognize and configure the device, enabling it to function correctly. Without the proper device driver installed, the peripheral may not be recognized or may not work as intended.

Among the options provided, “Device drivers” is the system software.

System software refers to programs that provide essential functionalities and services to support the operation of a computer system. It includes the operating system itself, device drivers, utility programs, and other software that helps manage and control the computer’s hardware and software resources.

Device drivers, specifically, are software programs that allow the operating system to communicate and interact with hardware devices. They provide the necessary instructions and protocols for the operating system to control and utilize peripheral devices such as printers, scanners, graphics cards, and network adapters.

On the other hand, “Database programs,” “Word processors,” and “Spreadsheets” are examples of application software. Application software is designed to perform specific tasks or provide specific functionalities for end-users, such as creating documents, managing databases, or performing calculations.

 The correct answer is “Language translator.” Language translators are software tools that help in converting programming languages into machine language that can be understood and executed by a computer. There are different types of language translators:

1. Compilers: Compilers are programs that translate the entire source code written in a programming language into machine code. The resulting machine code is then executed directly by the computer’s processor.
2. Interpreters: Interpreters, on the other hand, work by translating and executing the source code line by line or statement by statement. They interpret and execute the code at runtime, without creating a separate executable file.
3. Assemblers: Assemblers are specific language translators that convert assembly language code, which is a low-level symbolic representation of machine code, into machine code.

Language translators play a vital role in the software development process, as they enable programmers to write code in high-level programming languages and have it converted into machine code that the computer can understand and execute.

The correct answer is: “links the program with other programs needed for its execution.”

A linker program is responsible for linking together various object files and libraries to create an executable program. It combines the object code generated by the compiler with necessary system libraries and other object files to produce a final executable file. The linker resolves references between different modules and ensures that all the required components are linked together correctly. It also performs tasks like symbol resolution, memory address assignment, and relocation.

While the other options you mentioned are part of the overall process of program execution, they are not specifically performed by the linker. Placing the program in memory, relocating it to a specific memory area, and interfacing it with input data are typically handled by the operating system or the loader program during the execution phase.

The correct answer is “linker.” The main purpose of a linker is to resolve references among files during the process of creating an executable program. When programming in a high-level language, the code is typically divided into multiple source files and libraries. Each file may contain references to functions or variables defined in other files.

The linker’s role is to bring together these separate object files and libraries, resolve the references between them, and create a single executable program. It ensures that the correct addresses for functions and variables are assigned and that the program can successfully access the required code and data.

Therefore, the linker is specifically designed to resolve references among files and is essential in creating a final executable program from multiple source files and libraries.

The correct answer is “loader.”

A loader is a type of system software that is responsible for loading executable programs into main memory and preparing them for execution. It performs tasks such as allocating memory space for the program, reading the executable file from storage, transferring it into memory, and resolving any necessary memory references or relocations.

The loader also handles any dynamic linking required by the program, where external libraries or modules are loaded and linked at runtime. Once the loading and relocation processes are complete, the loader transfers control to the starting point of the program, allowing its execution to begin.

Therefore, the loader is specifically designed to handle the loading and relocating of executable programs into main memory, making it ready for execution.

The correct answer is “application program.”

A specialized program that allows users to utilize specific applications is classified as an application program. Application programs are designed to perform specific tasks or provide specific functionalities to end-users. They are software programs created to meet the needs of users in various domains such as productivity, graphics, communication, entertainment, and more.

Application programs are developed to serve specific purposes, such as word processors, spreadsheets, image editors, web browsers, video players, and many others. These programs provide a user-friendly interface and features tailored to the specific application domain, enabling users to interact with and utilize the program effectively.

Therefore, an application program is a specialized program that caters to specific application needs, providing users with the tools and functionality required to perform specific tasks or achieve specific goals.

The correct answer is “Application software.”

Application software refers to software programs designed to perform specific tasks or provide specific functionalities for end-users. It is developed to serve particular purposes and allows users to accomplish specific tasks or goals.

Application software encompasses a wide range of programs, such as word processors, spreadsheets, web browsers, image editors, video players, database management systems, and more. Each application software focuses on a specific area or task and provides features and tools tailored to that purpose.

Users typically interact directly with application software to perform desired tasks or access specific functionalities. These programs are designed to be user-friendly and provide intuitive interfaces, making them accessible to a wide range of users with varying levels of technical expertise.

Therefore, application software is the software used to do a particular task or accomplish a specific purpose. It enables users to utilize specific functionalities or perform specific activities based on their needs.

The correct answer is: “performs specific tasks for computer users.”

Application software is designed to perform specific tasks or provide specific functionalities for computer users. It is created to meet the needs and requirements of end-users in various domains and industries. Application software encompasses a wide range of programs, such as word processors, spreadsheets, web browsers, graphic design software, video players, database management systems, and more.

While the other options listed are not true for application software:

• Application software is not used to control the operating system. Instead, the operating system manages and controls the resources and functions of the computer system.
• Application software is not primarily designed to help programmers. Programming software, such as integrated development environments (IDEs) and text editors, are specifically designed to aid programmers in writing, testing, and debugging code.
• Application software is not solely used for making designs. While there are software applications dedicated to graphic design and related tasks, application software serves a much broader purpose, encompassing a wide range of functionalities and tasks beyond design alone.

Therefore, the correct statement is that application software performs specific tasks for computer users.

The correct answer is “Word processors.”

Word processors are software applications specifically designed for creating, editing, and formatting text-based documents. They provide a range of tools and functionalities to manipulate and format text, such as font selection, text alignment, paragraph formatting, spell checking, and grammar checking.

Word processors allow users to type, edit, and format text documents, making them widely used for tasks such as writing letters, reports, essays, memos, and other types of textual content. They often include features like page layout options, headers and footers, table creation, graphics insertion, and the ability to generate tables of contents and indexes.

Some popular examples of word processing software include Microsoft Word, Google Docs, Apple Pages, and Apache OpenOffice Writer.

Therefore, the software used to create text-based documents is referred to as “Word processors.”

The correct answer is “Spreadsheet program.”

Spreadsheet programs are general-purpose software applications that allow users to perform mathematical and financial calculations. They provide a grid-like interface where data can be organized into rows and columns, and formulas can be applied to perform calculations on the data.

Spreadsheet programs offer a wide range of mathematical functions and formulas that can be used to perform calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, as well as more complex operations like statistical analysis, financial calculations, and data modeling.

Users can input data into cells, apply formulas to calculate results based on that data, and easily update or modify calculations as needed. Spreadsheet programs also offer features like formatting options, charting capabilities, and the ability to create dynamic tables and reports.

Some popular examples of spreadsheet software include Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets, Apple Numbers, and Apache OpenOffice Calc.

Therefore, spreadsheet programs are the general-purpose software that allows you to perform mathematical or financial calculations.

The correct answer is “All of the above.”

Spreadsheet software is versatile and can be used for various purposes, including keeping simple company accounts, calculating employee commission payments, and serving as a simple stock control system.

Here’s how spreadsheet software can be used for each of these purposes:

1. Keeping simple company accounts: Spreadsheet software allows you to create and manage financial records, such as income and expenses, balance sheets, and profit and loss statements. It provides the ability to input data, perform calculations, create formulas, and generate reports, making it suitable for managing simple company accounts.
2. Calculating employee commission payments: Spreadsheet software enables you to create formulas and perform calculations, making it useful for calculating employee commission payments. You can input relevant data, define the commission calculation rules, and use formulas to automate the calculation process.
3. Serving as a simple stock control system: Spreadsheet software can be utilized as a basic stock control system. You can create a spreadsheet to track and manage inventory, input item details, record stock levels, track incoming and outgoing stock, and calculate totals and summaries. While more advanced stock control systems exist, a spreadsheet can serve as a simple solution for smaller-scale operations.

Spreadsheet software provides flexibility and customizable features that make it suitable for a wide range of applications, including these mentioned scenarios.

The software commonly used to create presentations to show to customers or staff members is called “presentation software.” This type of software is specifically designed to create slideshows with visual and textual content, allowing users to present information in a clear and engaging manner. Some popular examples of presentation software include Microsoft PowerPoint, Apple Keynote, and Google Slides. These programs offer a wide range of features such as slide templates, text formatting, multimedia integration, animation effects, and collaboration tools to enhance the presentation creation process.

DTP stands for Desktop Publishing. It is a tool used by graphic designers and non-designers alike to create visual communications for professional purposes. Desktop Publishing software allows users to combine text, images, and other visual elements to create documents such as brochures, flyers, newsletters, magazines, and other printed or digital materials. DTP software provides features and tools for layout design, typography, image editing, and formatting, enabling users to produce visually appealing and professionally formatted documents.

Corel Ventura and Illustrator are examples of DTP (Desktop Publishing) software. DTP software, as mentioned earlier, is used for creating and designing visual communications such as brochures, flyers, magazines, and more. Corel Ventura is a desktop publishing application that provides tools for layout design, typesetting, and document formatting. Adobe Illustrator, on the other hand, is a vector graphics editor widely used for creating illustrations, logos, icons, and other graphical elements that can be integrated into DTP projects. Both software packages are popular choices among designers and professionals in the field of desktop publishing and graphic design.

DirectX is a software technology developed by Microsoft that primarily serves as an application programming interface (API) for handling multimedia and game programming on Microsoft platforms, particularly Windows. It is not a computer part, user interface, or operating system itself.

DirectX provides a collection of APIs and libraries that enable developers to interact with hardware devices, primarily focused on graphics, audio, and input. It includes components for rendering 2D and 3D graphics, handling audio playback and recording, managing input devices such as keyboards and game controllers, and more.

In summary, DirectX is software that drives graphic software and provides developers with the tools and resources to create multimedia applications, particularly games, on Windows-based systems.

Among the options provided, Adobe Photoshop is not an example of system software.

System software refers to the foundational software that manages and controls the computer hardware and provides a platform for running applications. It includes essential components such as the operating system, device drivers, utility programs, and system tools.

1. Operating System: The operating system (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux) is a core example of system software. It manages computer resources, provides an interface for user interaction, and allows applications to run on the computer.
2. Debugger: A debugger is a software tool used by developers to find and correct errors (bugs) in computer programs. While it is an important software development tool, it falls under the category of programming tools or software development tools, which is a subset of application software, rather than system software.
3. Software Driver: Software drivers, also known as device drivers, are system software that enables communication between the operating system and specific hardware devices. They allow the operating system to interact with peripherals such as printers, graphics cards, and network adapters. Software drivers are considered part of system software.
4. Adobe Photoshop: Adobe Photoshop is an example of application software. It is a powerful image editing and manipulation program used by graphic designers, photographers, and digital artists. Application software is designed to perform specific tasks or provide functionality to end-users.

Therefore, among the given options, Adobe Photoshop is not an example of system software.

The application software used for a special purpose is referred to as “special purpose software.”

1. General Purpose Software: General purpose software refers to applications that are designed to perform a wide range of tasks and cater to various needs of users. Examples of general purpose software include word processors, spreadsheet programs, web browsers, and email clients. They are versatile and intended to be used by a broad user base.
2. Special Purpose Software: Special purpose software, on the other hand, is designed to serve specific and specialized tasks or industries. It is tailored to meet the requirements of a particular domain or niche. Examples of special purpose software include medical record management software, video editing software, architectural design software, and inventory management systems. These applications are developed to address specific needs and offer focused functionalities.
3. Important Software: The term “important software” is not a specific category of software and may not have a well-defined meaning. The importance of software can vary depending on its purpose and context.
4. System Software: System software refers to software that manages and controls the computer hardware and provides a platform for running applications. It includes the operating system, device drivers, utility programs, and system tools. System software is not specific to a particular purpose but rather provides the foundational infrastructure for running both general purpose and special purpose software.

Therefore, the appropriate term for application software designed for a specific purpose is “special purpose software.”

The type of software used in organizations to keep track of products in stocks is “Inventory management software.”

Inventory management software is specifically designed to monitor and manage stock levels, track inventory movements, and provide real-time visibility into product availability. It enables businesses to effectively manage their inventory, streamline procurement processes, and optimize stock control. This software often includes features such as barcode scanning, automated inventory tracking, inventory valuation, order management, and reporting capabilities.

While other software types like Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software, Payroll Software, Human Resource Planning Software, and Accounting Software can be used in organizations for different purposes, they are not specifically focused on inventory management. However, ERP software may include inventory management modules as part of its comprehensive suite of integrated business management functionalities.

A software program that adds functionality to your computer or helps your computer perform better is called a “utility program.”

Utility programs, also known as utility software or system utilities, are designed to assist in the management, optimization, and maintenance of a computer system. These programs provide additional features and tools that enhance the performance, security, and efficiency of the computer.

Some common examples of utility programs include:

1. Antivirus software: Helps protect the computer from malware, viruses, and other security threats.
2. Disk cleanup and optimization tools: Assist in removing unnecessary files, freeing up disk space, and optimizing the performance of storage devices.
3. Backup and recovery software: Enables the creation and restoration of backups of important files and data.
4. Uninstallers: Aid in the removal of software programs from the computer, ensuring a clean uninstallation.
5. File compression tools: Compress files and folders to save disk space and facilitate easier file sharing.
6. System diagnostic utilities: Help identify and troubleshoot issues with hardware or software components of the computer system.

These utility programs are designed to provide specific functions that extend the capabilities of the computer and help users maintain and improve its performance.

The technique that can be used to store a large number of files in a small amount of storage space is “file compression.”

File compression is a process of reducing the size of one or more files using various algorithms and techniques. It eliminates redundant or unnecessary data from files, resulting in a compressed version that occupies less storage space. Compressed files can be easily stored, transferred, and shared, while still retaining the ability to be decompressed and restored to their original state.

File compression techniques include:

1. Lossless compression: This technique reduces file size without any loss of data. It achieves compression by identifying and eliminating repetitive patterns or redundant information within the file.
2. Lossy compression: This technique achieves higher compression ratios but at the cost of losing some data. It selectively discards non-essential or less important information from the file, aiming to preserve the overall quality while reducing file size.

Common file compression formats and algorithms include ZIP, RAR, 7Z, GZIP, and more. These formats allow files to be compressed into a smaller size and then decompressed when needed.

By utilizing file compression techniques, it becomes possible to store a larger number of files in a limited storage space, making it an efficient approach for managing and conserving storage resources.

The type of software that creates a smaller file that is faster to transfer over the Internet is “compression” software.

Compression software is designed to reduce the size of files by employing various compression algorithms and techniques. By eliminating redundant or unnecessary data within the file, compression reduces the overall file size. This smaller file size enables faster transfer speeds over the Internet, as it requires less bandwidth and reduces the time required for the file to be transmitted.

Compression software typically uses either lossless or lossy compression methods. Lossless compression reduces the file size without losing any data, allowing the file to be reconstructed to its original form upon decompression. Lossy compression, on the other hand, achieves higher compression ratios by selectively discarding less critical or redundant information, resulting in a slight loss of data quality.

Common file compression formats, such as ZIP, RAR, 7Z, and GZIP, are widely used to create smaller files that can be transferred more quickly over the Internet. These compressed files can be transmitted, downloaded, and shared more efficiently, making compression an essential technique for optimizing data transfer on the web.

The Windows utility program that locates and eliminates unnecessary fragments, rearranges files, and optimizes disk space is called “Disk defragmenter.”

Disk defragmenter is a built-in utility in Windows operating systems that helps improve the performance of a computer’s hard drive by reorganizing fragmented files. Over time, files on a hard drive can become fragmented, meaning that they are stored in non-contiguous clusters on the disk. This fragmentation can slow down file access and overall system performance.

The disk defragmenter scans the hard drive, identifies fragmented files, and reorganizes them into contiguous blocks, reducing the time it takes for the system to access and retrieve those files. It also consolidates free space on the disk, optimizing the available storage capacity.

By running the disk defragmenter utility regularly, users can help maintain the efficiency and performance of their hard drives, ensuring faster file access and smoother operations.

When files are broken up into small parts on a disk, they are said to be “fragmented.”

Fragmentation occurs when a file is not stored in a contiguous (continuous) manner on a disk. Instead, the file is divided into fragments or pieces that are scattered throughout different locations on the disk. This can happen as files are created, modified, and deleted over time, resulting in empty spaces and fragmented file storage.

Fragmentation can have negative impacts on the performance of a computer system. When a fragmented file needs to be accessed, the system may need to search for and retrieve the file fragments from different locations on the disk, leading to slower file access times. It can also result in wasted disk space, as the fragmented file takes up more space than necessary due to the gaps between fragments.

To improve system performance, it is recommended to regularly defragment the disk using utilities like the disk defragmenter. Defragmentation organizes the file fragments into contiguous blocks, reducing file access time and optimizing disk space utilization.

The software that can make copies of all information stored on a disk or restore the entire disk is called “backup software.”

Backup software is designed to create backups or copies of data stored on a disk or storage device. It enables users to protect their important files, folders, applications, and even entire disk volumes by creating duplicate copies that can be restored in the event of data loss, system failures, or other disasters.

Backup software typically offers various features such as:

1. Full backups: Creating a complete copy of all data on the disk or selected files and folders.
2. Incremental or differential backups: Backing up only the changes made since the last backup, which can save storage space and reduce backup time.
3. Scheduling: Allowing users to schedule automated backups at specified intervals, ensuring regular data protection.
4. Compression: Compressing the backup files to save storage space.
5. Encryption: Providing encryption options to secure the backup data.
6. Restoration: Facilitating the process of restoring the backups to the original disk or another storage device.

Backup software plays a crucial role in data protection and disaster recovery strategies, ensuring that valuable information is not permanently lost in case of hardware failure, accidental deletion, or other unforeseen events.

Backup refers to the process of creating copies of data or files from an original source and storing them in another location or medium. It involves making duplicate copies of important data to protect against data loss or damage. The purpose of backup is to ensure that if the original data becomes unavailable due to hardware failures, accidental deletion, data corruption, or other issues, the backup copy can be used to restore the data.

So, out of the options provided, the closest description is “Copy to save data from the original source to another destination.” Backup involves copying and saving data from one location to another, typically on separate storage devices or media, to provide a reliable and recoverable version of the data in case of emergencies or data loss incidents.

A “full” backup contains a copy of every program, data, and system file on a computer.

A full backup is a type of backup that creates a complete copy of all files and data on a computer or specific storage device. It includes all user files, system files, installed programs, configurations, and settings. In a full backup, no data or file is left out, and the backup process captures the entire content of the selected source.

Full backups are typically performed as an initial or baseline backup, capturing the entire state of the system at that point. Subsequent backups can be incremental or differential, which only include changes or additions made since the last full backup. However, a full backup is required to ensure a complete and comprehensive backup of all data and files.

Restoration, bootstrap, and differential are not accurate terms to describe a backup containing a copy of every program, data, and system file on a computer.

A disk cleaner helps to free up “disk space.”

Disk cleaner, also known as disk cleanup or disk space analyzer, is a utility software that scans a computer’s storage devices, such as hard drives or solid-state drives (SSDs), to identify and remove unnecessary files and data. These unnecessary files can take up valuable disk space and may include temporary files, system caches, browser caches, old system restore points, and more.

By running a disk cleaner, users can safely delete or remove these unnecessary files, freeing up disk space on their storage devices. This reclaimed disk space can be utilized for storing new files, improving system performance, and preventing the storage device from running out of space.

Disk cleaners often provide options to select specific types of files to clean or allow users to review and choose which files to delete. They help optimize disk space usage and ensure that the storage device is effectively managed and utilized.

The software that can find files that are unnecessary to computer operation or take up considerable amounts of space is a “disk cleaner.”

Disk cleaner software, also known as disk cleanup or disk space analyzer, is specifically designed to identify and remove unnecessary files from a computer’s storage devices. These files can include temporary files, system caches, old log files, unused application data, and other files that are no longer needed for the computer’s operation.

By scanning the storage devices, disk cleaner software can detect and present a list of files that can be safely deleted or removed. These files are typically not essential for the computer’s operation, and removing them can free up significant amounts of disk space.

Disk cleaners provide users with options to choose which types of files to clean, and some even offer advanced features like file size filtering or scanning for specific file types. Running a disk cleaner on a regular basis helps optimize disk space usage, improve system performance, and ensure efficient management of the computer’s storage resources.

Antivirus software is primarily focused on detecting and removing malware and does not typically specialize in identifying unnecessary files. Sweep is a general term and does not specifically refer to a software category. Disk formatting is the process of preparing a storage device for use, but it does not directly involve identifying and removing unnecessary files.

The Windows utility that erases unneeded files is “Disk Cleanup.”

Disk Cleanup is a built-in utility in Windows operating systems that helps users free up disk space by removing unnecessary files from their computer. It scans the selected drive and identifies various types of files that are no longer needed, such as temporary files, system caches, old log files, Windows update files, and more.

Once the scan is complete, Disk Cleanup presents a list of file categories and allows users to select which types of files they want to delete. These files are generally safe to remove as they are not essential for the computer’s operation.

By running Disk Cleanup regularly, users can reclaim valuable disk space and improve system performance. It is a useful tool for maintaining the efficient operation of a Windows computer by erasing unneeded files that accumulate over time.

The Backup or Restore Wizard is used for creating and restoring backups, not specifically for erasing files. Disk Defragmenter is used to optimize the organization of files on a disk, but it does not erase files. Antivirus software is primarily focused on detecting and removing malware, rather than erasing unneeded files.

The option that is not related to utility software is “Railway reservation system.”

A railway reservation system is not typically classified as a utility software. It refers to a specific application or software system that is designed for managing and facilitating railway ticket reservations. Railway reservation systems are generally considered as application software, as they serve a specific purpose of handling ticket booking operations in the railway industry.

On the other hand, utility software refers to a category of software that provides additional tools, functionalities, or services to enhance system performance, optimize resources, or perform specific tasks. Examples of utility software include disk cleanup tools, antivirus programs, disk compression software, backup software, system optimization tools, and more. These utility software programs focus on improving system efficiency, security, and maintenance.

Therefore, among the options provided, the railway reservation system is not related to utility software.

The correct answer is “All of the above.”

Utility programs include virus scanning software, backup software, and disk defragmenter, among others. Utility programs are software applications that provide additional tools, functionalities, or services to enhance system performance, optimize resources, or perform specific tasks. They are designed to assist in system maintenance, security, and management.

Virus scanning software is a utility program that scans for and detects viruses, malware, and other malicious software on a computer system, helping to protect against security threats.

Backup software is another utility program that allows users to create copies of important data or files, providing a means of data protection and disaster recovery. It enables users to back up their data to external storage devices or remote locations for safekeeping.

Disk defragmenter is a utility program that reorganizes fragmented files on a disk, improving system performance and file access times. It helps optimize disk space and ensures files are stored contiguously, reducing fragmentation.

These utility programs are just a few examples, and there are many other types of utility programs available, such as disk cleanup tools, system optimization utilities, file recovery software, and more. They are designed to assist users in various aspects of system management and maintenance.

The correct answer is “All of these.”

All of the options provided—text editor, backup utility, compression utility, and disk defragmenter—are examples of utility software.

A text editor is a type of utility software that allows users to create, edit, and manipulate plain text files.

A backup utility is a utility software specifically designed for creating backups of data and files, ensuring data protection and facilitating disaster recovery.

A compression utility is a utility software that enables users to compress files or folders, reducing their size and saving disk space.

A disk defragmenter is a utility software that reorganizes fragmented files on a disk, improving system performance and optimizing disk space usage.

Utility software refers to a category of software applications that provide additional tools, functionalities, or services to enhance system performance, optimize resources, or perform specific tasks. These utility programs are designed to assist users in system maintenance, security, management, and other tasks related to optimizing the use of their computer systems.

The option that is not related to an application software is the “Operating system.”

An operating system (OS) is a fundamental software component that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides a platform for running other software applications. It acts as an interface between the computer hardware and the user or other software programs.

While an operating system is crucial for the functioning of a computer system, it is not categorized as application software. Instead, it falls under the category of system software. System software includes the operating system, device drivers, firmware, and other software components that are responsible for managing and controlling the computer hardware.

On the other hand, options like word processor, DBMS (Database Management System), and railway reservation system are examples of application software. Application software is designed to perform specific tasks or provide specific functionality to end-users. Word processors are used for creating and editing documents, DBMS manages databases, and a railway reservation system is an application designed for managing ticket reservations in the railway industry.

Therefore, the operating system is the option that is not related to application software.

The correct term to complete the sentence is “Whole disk encryption.”

Whole disk encryption is a technology that encrypts the entire contents of a storage device, such as a hard disk drive or solid-state drive, before storing any data. It provides a high level of security by encrypting all data on the disk, including the operating system, applications, and user files.

With whole disk encryption, the data is encrypted using encryption algorithms and keys, making it unreadable and inaccessible to unauthorized individuals or malicious actors. The encryption and decryption processes occur transparently in the background, ensuring that data remains protected at all times, whether the device is at rest or in use.

This technology helps protect sensitive and confidential information from unauthorized access or data breaches, especially in case of theft or loss of the storage device. To access the data on an encrypted disk, the user needs the appropriate encryption key or passphrase.

Therefore, “Whole” is the term that completes the sentence correctly in the context of disk encryption technology.

In computer terminology, ‘CAD’ stands for “Computer Aided Design.”

Computer Aided Design (CAD) refers to the use of computer software and systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis, and optimization of designs, typically in the fields of engineering, architecture, and manufacturing. CAD software allows designers to create detailed and accurate two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) models of objects or structures.

CAD tools provide a wide range of features and functionalities, including precise drafting capabilities, geometric modeling, parametric modeling, simulation, visualization, and documentation. These tools enable designers to visualize and analyze their designs, make modifications easily, and generate technical drawings or specifications.

CAD has revolutionized the design process, offering significant advantages over traditional manual drafting methods. It enhances productivity, accuracy, and efficiency in various industries that require design and engineering work.

Therefore, in computer terminology, ‘CAD’ stands for “Computer Aided Design.”