1. Socialism & Secularism: The Spirit of the Constitution - Polity Why in News? There has been renewed public and political discourse around removing the terms "Socialist" and "Secular" from the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. Critics argue that these were...

1. PM Modi’s Five-Nation Visit: India’s Outreach to the Global South - International Relations Why in News? Prime Minister Narendra Modi is undertaking a significant five-nation visit from July 2 to July 9, 2025, covering Ghana, Trinidad & Tobago, Argentina,...

1. Factors Behind Monsoon’s Early Nationwide Arrival (2024) - Geography Why in News? The Southwest Monsoon 2024 has covered the entire country by June 29, 9 days earlier than the normal date of July 8. This is only the 10th time since 1960 that the monsoon has...

1. NAKSHA Programme – Modernizing Urban Land Surveys with Geospatial Technology - Governance Why in News? The Department of Land Resources (DoLR) under the Ministry of Rural Development is preparing to launch Phase II of capacity building for the NAKSHA Programme...

1. Secondary Pollutants Constitute Up to One-Third of PM2.5 Pollution - Environment Why in News? A recent study by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) highlights that secondary pollutants, especially ammonium sulfate, account for nearly 34% of PM2.5...

1. Secondary Pollutants Now a Major Contributor to India's PM2.5 Burden - Environment Why in News? A new study by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) has revealed that secondary pollutants, particularly ammonium sulphate, now contribute nearly...

1. UP's Salkhan Fossil Park Makes It to UNESCO Tentative List - History & Culture Why in News? Salkhan Fossil Park, located in Uttar Pradesh, has been recently included in UNESCO's Tentative List of World Heritage Sites, signifying its scientific and geological...

1.Human-Tiger Conflict Management Scheme (2025) - Environment Why in News? The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has launched a pilot scheme titled “Tigers Outside Tiger Reserves” with an outlay of ₹88 crore (until 2026–27). The scheme is...

1. Leptospirosis Outbreak in Ernakulam, Kerala - Science and Technology Why in News? A recent leptospirosis outbreak in Ernakulam district, Kerala, has claimed five lives, triggering public health concerns and underlining the urgent need for zoonotic disease awareness...

1. The Need for Gender Equity in Urban Bureaucracy - Governance Why in News? India’s urban population is projected to exceed 800 million by 2050, placing immense pressure on urban infrastructure and governance. In this context, gender equity in urban administration...