1. Article 22 of the Constitution of India - Polity Why in News? The Supreme Court of India has recently ruled that the requirement under Article 22(1) to inform an arrested individual of the grounds for their arrest is a mandatory constitutional obligation, not just...

1. Supreme Court Directive on Sacred Groves Why in News? On December 18, 2024, the Supreme Court directed Rajasthan's Forest Department to map all sacred groves (locally known as orans) using satellite and ground surveys. The court emphasized their cultural and...

1. Budget 2025-26: Removal of 7 Customs Duties for Industrial Goods Why in News? The Union Budget 2025-26 has proposed the removal of 7 customs tariff rates for industrial goods. This reduces the total number of customs tariff rates to just 8, including one zero rate,...

Why in News? The Indian government has approved exploratory drilling for oil and gas in the eco-sensitive zone of the Hollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam. This decision has sparked concerns over environmental damage, particularly regarding the sanctuary’s...

Annual Climate Change meeting approaches, scheduled to occur in Baku, Azerbaijan, on November 11, nations have convened in Cali, Colombia, for the biennial UN Biodiversity Conference. Context: COP16 is the first gathering since the endorsement of the Kunming-Montreal...

The Supreme Court has postponed its decision on appeals against the Allahabad High Court's ruling that declared the Uttar Pradesh Board of Madarsa Education Act, 2004, unconstitutional. UP Madarsa Education Act, 2004: Purpose: To create a regulatory framework for...

The NRL is a legislative measure enacted by the European Union to combat climate change, biodiversity loss, and environmental degradation. It is the first comprehensive, continent-wide initiative of its kind and forms a critical part of the EU Biodiversity Strategy,...