#1. Consider the following statements regarding Earth’s internal heat:1. Radioactive decay significantly contributes to Earth’s internal heat.2. Temperature increases uniformly with depth inside the Earth.3. The geothermal gradient is highest in the upper crust.Which of the above statements are correct?

1 and 3 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#2. Match the FollowingList I (Feature)List II (Process)A. Mid-ocean ridge1. divergentB. Rift valley2. Sea floor spreadingC. Island arc3. Convergent marginD. Transform fault4. Lateral movement

A–2, B–1, C–3, D–4

A–2, B–4, C–3, D–1

A–1, B–2, C–4, D–3

A–2, B–4, C–1, D–4

#3. Consider the following statements regarding heat waves in India:1. A heat wave is declared when the maximum temperature departs significantly from normal or crosses absolute threshold values defined by IMD.2. Urban Heat Island effect intensifies heat stress during heat waves.3. Heat waves are primarily caused by Western Disturbances.Which of the above are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#4. Consider the following statements regarding El Niño:1. It weakens Indian monsoon rainfall.2. It is associated with cooling of eastern Pacific waters.3. It causes warming of central and eastern Pacific.Which of the above are correct?

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#5. Match the FollowingList I (Current)List II (Characteristic)A. Gulf Stream1. Cold current along north-western AfricaB. Canary Current2. Warm current of the north-western AtlanticC. Labrador Current3. Cold current along eastern CanadaD. Kuroshio Current4. Warm current of the northwestern Pacific

A–2, B–1, C–3, D–4

A–1, B–2, C–4, D–3

A–4, B–3, C–1, D–2

A–2, B–3, C–1, D–4

#6. Which of the following are associated with temperature inversion?1. Calm winds2. Anticyclonic conditions3. Increased vertical mixing

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#7. Arrange the following ocean currents from east to west in the Atlantic Ocean:1. Canary Current2. Gulf Stream3. Labrador Current

1–2–3

3–2–1

2–3–1

1–3–2

#8. Assertion A.: Western Europe experiences mild winters.Reason (R): Warm ocean currents moderate temperatures along western coasts.

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation

Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation

A is true but R is false

A is false but R is true

#9. Which of the following statements regarding coral reefs are correct?1. Coral bleaching occurs due to rise in sea surface temperature.2. Corals depend on zooxanthellae for nutrition.3. Coral reefs thrive in cold, nutrient-rich waters.

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#10. Which of the following are associated with the BBNJ Treaty?1. Conservation of biodiversity in high seas2. Regulation of coastal fishing by states3. Areas beyond national jurisdiction

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#11. Which of the following correctly explains resource distribution?

Resources are uniformly distributed globally

Geological structure determines mineral location

Political boundaries decide mineral location

Climate has no role in resource distribution

#12. Match the FollowingClimate TypeFeatureA. Equatorial1. Heavy convectional rainfallB. Mediterranean2. Winter rainfallC. Monsoon3. Seasonal reversal of winds

A–1, B–2, C–3

A–2, B–3, C–1

A–3, B–1, C–2

A–1, B–3, C–2

#13. Which factors contribute to desert formation?1. Subtropical high-pressure belts2. Cold ocean currents3. Rain shadow regions

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#14. Which of the following regions is witnessing accelerated glacier retreat due to climate change?

Greenland

Sahara

Amazon Basin

Congo Basin

#15. Which of the following best explains demographic transition theory?

Shift from rural to urban population

Decline in death rate followed by decline in birth rate

Increase in working-age population

Population explosion due to migration

#16. Consider the following statements regarding plate tectonics:1. New crust is formed at divergent plate boundaries.2. Convergent boundaries are associated with volcanic arcs.3. Transform boundaries create deep-sea trenches.Which of the above are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#17. Which of the following landforms is formed by fluvial deposition?

Gorge

Meander

Waterfall

V-shaped valley

#18. Match the FollowingList IList IIA. Orogenic movement1. FoldingB. Epeirogenic movement2. Uplift of continentsC. Earthquake3. Sudden release of energy

A–1, B–2, C–3

A–2, B–1, C–3

A–3, B–1, C–2

A–1, B–3, C–2

#19. Which of the following factors influence cyclone formation?1. Sea surface temperature above 26.5°C2. High Coriolis force near the equator3. Low vertical wind shear

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3

#20. Assertion A.: Tropical cyclones weaken after landfall.Reason (R): They lose access to latent heat energy from warm oceans.

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation

Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation

A is true but R is false

A is false but R is true

#21. Which of the following regions receive rainfall mainly due to Western Disturbances?

Eastern India

Northwestern India

Peninsular India

Northeastern India

#22. Which of the following are consequences of global warming?1. Rise in sea level2. Increased frequency of extreme weather events3. Strengthening of polar ice caps

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#23. Match the FollowingWindRegionA. Chinook1. RockiesB. Mistral2. FranceC. Sirocco3. Sahara

A–1, B–2, C–3

A–2, B–1, C–3

A–3, B–2, C–1

A–1, B–3, C–2

#24. Which of the following statements is correct regarding ocean salinity?

Highest near equator due to heavy rainfall

Lowest near subtropical high-pressure belts

Reduced near river mouths

Uniform throughout oceans

#25. Which of the following regions have experienced significant marine heatwave events in recent years, according to global climate assessments?1. Indian Ocean2. North Atlantic Ocean3. Mediterranean Sea

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#26. Which factor most influences population density?

Latitude

Availability of resources

Political ideology

Longitude

#27. Consider the following statements:1. The Indian Standard Meridian passes closer to Prayagraj than to Raipur.2. The Tropic of Cancer passes through both Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.3. The Tropic of Cancer intersects the Indian Standard Meridian in Chhattisgarh.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3

#28. Arrange the following Himalayan passes from west to east:1. Zoji La2. Nathu La3. Shipki La4. Lipulekh

1 – 3 – 4 – 2

1 – 4 – 3 – 2

3 – 1 – 4 – 2

1 – 3 – 2 – 4

#29. Consider the following statements regarding Tropical Evergreen Forests:1. They are found in areas receiving more than 200 cm annual rainfall.2. They are multi-layered forests with high biodiversity.3. Teak is a dominant species in these forests.4. They are found in Western Ghats and Andaman & Nicobar Islands.How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#30. Consider the following statements regarding geomorphology of Peninsular India:1. The Western Ghats are true fold mountains formed due to plate collision.2. The Eastern Ghats are discontinuous due to fluvial dissection.3. Rift valleys in Peninsular India are associated with block faulting.4. Narmada and Tapi rivers flow through structurally controlled troughs.Which of the above statements are correct?

2, 3 and 4 only

1 and 4 only

1, 2 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

#31. Match the Following – Indian Soils (HPAS Pattern) Match List–I with List–II:List I (Soil Type)List II (Characteristic Feature)A. Alluvial Soil1.Rich in iron and aluminium oxides due to intense leachingB. Black Soil2. Develops cracks during dry season and shows self-ploughing propertyC. Laterite Soil3. High proportion of soluble salts and low humus contentD. Arid Soil4.Stratified deposits with kankar in older layers

A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3

A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4

#32. Consider the following statements regarding Indian Desert:1. The Aravalli Range acts as a climatic divide for the Thar Desert.2. The desert shows both inland drainage and seasonal river systems.3. Luni river drains into the Arabian Sea.4. The desert region was once submerged under sea during the Mesozoic era.Which of the above statements are correct?

1, 2 and 4 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 4 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

#33. Match the FollowingList I (Type)List II (Meaning)A. Arithmetic density1. Population / arable landB. Physiological density2. Population / cultivated landC. Agricultural density3. Farmers / arable land4. Population / total area

A–4, B–1, C–3

A–1, B–3, C–4

A–4, B–2, C–1

A–3, B–1, C–4

#34. The term "Isodapane", used in industrial location theory, refers to:

Lines of equal additional transport cost around the least-transport-cost location

Lines of equal labor cost.

Areas of maximum profit.

Points of equal raw material availability.

#35. Consider the following statements:1. The Ten Degree Channel separates Little Andaman from Car Nicobar.2. Narcondam Island is of volcanic origin.3. Lakshadweep Islands lie between 8°N and 12°N latitude.4. The Andaman Islands lie between the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea.How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#36. Consider the following pairs regarding Himalayan divisions:DivisionCharacteristic1. HimadriContains most of the hill stations like Shimla and Mussoorie2. HimachalComposed mainly of metamorphic and sedimentary rocks3. ShivalikConsists of unconsolidated sedimentsHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Only one

Only two

All three

None

#37. Which of the following coastal plains are correctly matched?1. Konkan Coast – Maharashtra2. Coromandel Coast – Tamil Nadu3. Malabar Coast – Odisha4. Northern Circars – Andhra Pradesh

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 4 only

2, 3 and 4 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

#38. Arrange the following hill ranges of the Purvanchal Himalaya from north to south:1. Patkai Bum2. Naga Hills3. Mizo (Lushai) Hills4. Manipur Hills

1 – 2 – 4 – 3

1 – 4 – 2 – 3

2 – 1 – 4 – 3

1 – 2 – 3 – 4

#39. Consider the following pairs:Local NameRegion1. DuarsFoothills of Eastern Himalaya2. TeraiMarshy belt south of Bhabar3. RehSaline patches in arid plains4. KarewasFloodplains of BrahmaputraHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#40. Which of the following about Indian glaciers is/are correct?1. Siachen Glacier is located in the Karakoram and is associated with the world’s highest battlefield.2. Bara Shigri Glacier in Himachal Pradesh is the longest glacier in India.3. Chhota Shigri Glacier is extensively monitored for mass balance studies by Indian scientific institutions.4. Satopanth Glacier gives rise to one of the major headstreams of the Ganga.

1 and 3 only

1, 3 and 4 only

2 and 4 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

#41. Consider the following rivers:1. Subarnarekha2. Pennar3. Palar4. DamodarWhich of the above rivers do NOT originate in the Western Ghats?

1 and 4 only

1, 3 and 4 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

#42. Arrange the following rivers from north to south:1. Sabarmati2. Mahi3. Narmada4. Tapi

1 – 2 – 3 – 4

2 – 1 – 3 – 4

1 – 3 – 2 – 4

2 – 3 – 1 – 4

#43. Consider the following statements:1. Koyna Dam is located in a seismic zone.2. Idukki Dam is constructed on the Periyar River.3. Mullaperiyar Dam involves water sharing between Kerala and Tamil Nadu.4. Tungabhadra Dam is built on a tributary of the Godavari.How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#44. Arrange the following Eastern Ghats ranges from north to south:1. Mahendragiri2. Nallamala3. Shevaroy Hills4. Sirumalai Hills

1 – 2 – 3 – 4

2 – 1 – 3 – 4

1 – 3 – 2 – 4

1 – 2 – 4 – 3

#45. Consider the following pairs:IndustryLocation1. AluminiumKorba2. ShipbuildingVisakhapatnam3. FertilizerSindri4. Software TechnologyBengaluruHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#46. Arrange the following states in descending order of wheat production 2024-25:1. Punjab2. Madhya Pradesh3. Uttar Pradesh4. Haryana

3 – 2 – 1 – 4

3 – 1 – 2 – 4

2 – 3 – 1 – 4

3 – 2 – 4 – 1

#47. Consider the following statements regarding Irrigation in India:1. Canal irrigation is extensively developed in the Northern Plains. .2. Tank irrigation is more common in Peninsular Plateau.3. Tube well irrigation is highly developed in Punjab and Haryana.4. Drip irrigation is suitable only for rice cultivation.How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#48. Arrange the following crops in increasing order of water requirement:1. Millets2. Wheat3. Rice4. Sugarcane

1 – 2 – 3 – 4

2 – 1 – 3 – 4

1 – 3 – 2 – 4

2 – 3 – 1 – 4

#49. Arrange the following thermal power plants from north to south:1. Rihand2. Talcher3. Neyveli4. Singrauli

1 – 4 – 2 – 3

4 – 1 – 2 – 3

1 – 2 – 4 – 3

4 – 2 – 1 – 3

#50. Which of the following factors plays the most important role in the onset of the Southwest Monsoon?

Heating of the Tibetan Plateau

Western Disturbances

Jet streams over Europe

Southern Oscillation Index

#51. Which cropping pattern is most suitable for regions with uncertain rainfall?

Plantation farming

Mixed cropping

Shifting cultivation

Commercial farming

#52. Which of the following indicators are derived from NFHS, not directly from Census?1. Anaemia prevalence2. Literacy rate3. Institutional delivery rate4. Child Sex Ratio (0–6 years)

1 and 3 only

2 and 4 only

1, 2 and 3 only

1, 3 and 4 only

#53. Consider the following statements regarding Inland Waterways:1. National Waterway-1 is on the Ganga–Bhagirathi–Hooghly river system.2. National Waterway-2 is on the Brahmaputra.3. National Waterway-3 is located in Kerala.4. All National Waterways are perennial throughout the year.How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#54. Consider the following pairs:Climatic RegionDominant Rainfall Type1. Western CoastOrographic rainfall2. Tamil Nadu CoastRetreating monsoon rainfall3. RajasthanConvectional rainfall (major source)4. AssamFrontal rainfall (dominant)How many pairs are correctly matched?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#55. Arrange the following climatic types from wettest to driest (as per Köppen classification in India):1. Am2. Aw3. BSh4. BWh

1 – 2 – 3 – 4

1 – 3 – 2 – 4

2 – 1 – 3 – 4

1 – 2 – 4 – 3

#56. Consider the following statements:1. Urban heat island effect is more prominent in densely built-up areas.2. Urban sprawl refers to unplanned outward expansion of cities.3. Gentrification leads to displacement of low-income residents.4. Peri-urban areas are exclusively rural.How many of the above statements are correct?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#57. Which of the following industrial corridors are listed under the National Industrial Corridor Development Programme (NICDP)?1. Delhi–Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC)2. Amritsar–Kolkata Industrial Corridor (AKIC)3. Chennai–Bengaluru Industrial Corridor (CBIC)4. Hyderabad–Nagpur Industrial Corridor (HNIC)

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

2 and 4 only

#58. Consider the following:1. Paradip Port2. JNPT3. Visakhapatnam Port4. Chennai PortWhich of the following are major east-coast ports associated with industrial-corridor connectivity in eastern and south-eastern India?

1 and 3 only

2 and 4 only

1, 3 and 4 only

1, 2 and 3 only

#59. Consider the following pairs:FeatureLocation1. Aravalli RangeWestern margin of Peninsular Plateau2. Vindhya RangeSouth of Satpura Range3. Satpura RangeBetween Narmada and Tapi4. Western GhatsEastern boundary of Deccan PlateauHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Only one

Only two

Only three

All four

#60. Which of the following best describes the "Great Circle" on Earth?

Any circle drawn on the globe that does not pass through the center.

A circle whose plane passes through the center of the Earth, dividing it into two equal halves

A line of latitude other than the Equator.

The boundary of the Arctic Circle.

#61. Arrange the following deserts from east to west:1. Gobi2. Atacama3. Kalahari4. Thar

1–4–3–2

1–3–4–2

4–1–3–2

2–3–4–1

#62. Arrange the following mountain ranges from north to south:1. Alps2. Atlas3. Drakensberg4. Pyrenees

1–4–2–3

4–1–2–3

1–2–4–3

2–1–4–3

#63. Consider the following statements:1. Cold currents generally flow along the western coasts of continents.2. Warm currents usually move poleward along eastern continental margins.3. Cold currents enhance coastal rainfall.Which of the above are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#64. Which of the following correctly represents east to west alignment?

Andes → Rockies → Appalachians

Urals → Alps → Pyrenees

Atlas → Alps → Himalayas

Rockies → Andes → Atlas

#65. Consider the following pairs:DiscontinuitySeparates1. MohorovicicCrust and Mantle2. GutenbergMantle and Inner Core3. LehmannOuter Core and Inner CoreWhich of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

1 and 3 only

1 only

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3

#66. Which of the following correctly distinguishes between heliosphere and magnetosphere?

Both are controlled by Earth’s magnetic field

Heliosphere is controlled by the Sun’s magnetic field

Magnetosphere protects the Sun from solar wind

Heliosphere lies inside Earth’s magnetopause

#67. Arrange the following tectonic features from constructive to destructive setting:1. Mid-ocean ridge2. Deep ocean trench3. Island arc4. Rift valley

1 – 4 – 2 – 3

4 – 1 – 2 – 3

1 – 4 – 3 – 2

4 – 1 – 3 – 2

#68. Which of the following correctly distinguishes continental crust from oceanic crust?1. Continental crust is thicker.2. Oceanic crust is denser.3. Continental crust is primarily basaltic.

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#69. Consider the following pairs:FeatureExample1. Flood basaltDeccan Traps2. Caldera lakeLake Toba3. Shield volcanoMount Fuji4. Lava domeMount PeléeWhich of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

1, 2 and 4 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

#70. Arrange the following water bodies from north to south according to their approximate central latitude:1. Caspian Sea2. Mediterranean Sea3. Red Sea4. Arabian Sea

1–2–3–4

2–1–3–4

1–3–2–4

2–3–1–4

#71. Arrange the following features related to the Reunion hotspot in chronological order (oldest to youngest):1. Deccan Traps2. Lakshadweep–Chagos Ridge3. Mascarene Islands4. Reunion Island

1 – 2 – 3 – 4

2 – 1 – 3 – 4

1 – 3 – 2 – 4

2 – 3 – 1 – 4

#72. Which of the following conditions increases tsunami wave height near coast?1. Decreasing water depth2. Increasing wave speed3. Coastal funnel shape

1 and 3 only

2 only

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3

#73. Consider the following fluvial landforms:1. V-shaped valley2. Waterfall3. Floodplain4. Ox-bow lakeWhich of the following are most characteristically associated with the youthful stage of a river?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

3 and 4 only

1, 3 and 4

#74. Which of the following best distinguishes a stalactite from a stalagmite?

Stalactites form on cave floors; stalagmites hang from ceilings

Stalactites hang from ceilings; stalagmites rise from cave floors

Both form only in desert caves

Both are depositional features formed by wind

#75. The term “Wheat Basket of the World” is most commonly associated with:

Pampas of Argentina

Canadian Prairies

North China Plain

Eurasian Steppe

#76. A fjord is best described as:

A glacially carved valley submerged by sea

A depositional glacial ridge

A Karst depression

A volcanic crater lake

#77. Which of the following planets exhibit retrograde rotation?1. Venus2. Uranus3. Mars

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#78. A Total Lunar Eclipse occurs when:

Moon comes between Earth and Sun

Earth comes between Sun and Moon and Moon enters umbra

Moon enters Earth’s penumbra only

Sun comes between Earth and Moon

#79. Consider the following statements:1. Dendritic drainage pattern develops on homogeneous rock.2. Trellis pattern develops in folded regions.3. Radial pattern develops around volcanic cones.Which are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

1 only

#80. Which of the following correctly explains rejuvenation of a river?

Increase in sediment load

Sudden fall in base level

Increase in evaporation

Tidal influence

#81. Which of the following correctly matches theory and climate focus?

Davis – Arid

King – Arid

Penck – Glacial

Hack – Coastal

#82. Consider the following:1. Batholith2. Laccolith3. Dyke4. SillWhich are intrusive landforms?

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

3 and 4 only

#83. Which of the following best explains differential heating of Earth?

Uniform solar radiation

Variation in angle of incidence

Magnetic field

Ocean tides

#84. With reference to Rocks and Minerals, consider the following pairs:Rock TypeExample1. IgneousGranite and Basalt2. SedimentarySandstone and Limestone3. MetamorphicGneiss and MarbleWhich of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#85. Assertion A: Marine West Coast climate has mild winters.Reason R: Influence of warm ocean currents and westerlies.

Both true and R explains A

Both true but not explanation

A true but R false

A false but R true

#86. Arrange from north to south:1. Lake Superior2. Lake Victoria3. Lake Baikal4. Lake Tanganyika

3 – 1 – 2 – 4

1 – 3 – 2 – 4

3 – 1 – 4 – 2

1 – 3 – 4 – 2

#87. Which of the following straits separate landmasses belonging to two different continents?1. Strait of Gibraltar2. Bosporus3. Bering Strait

1 and 2 only

2 only

1, 2 and 3

1 only

#88. Cairo is located on:

Tigris

Nile

Jordan

Euphrates

#89. Match the Following)RiverSeaA. Nile1. MediterraneanB. Danube2. Black SeaC. Indus3. Arabian Sea

A–1, B–2, C–3

A–2, B–1, C–3

A–1, B–3, C–2

A–3, B–2, C–1

#90. Consider the following:1. Andes Mountains2. Atacama Desert3. Humboldt CurrentWhich of the above are interconnected geographically?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

1 and 3 only

#91. Nagorno-Karabakh, frequently associated with the Armenia–Azerbaijan conflict, is internationally recognised as part of which country?

Azerbaijan

Armenia

Georgia

Türkiye

#92. Lake Chad crisis involves countries like:1. Nigeria2. Niger3. Chad

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

1 only

#93. The Darien Gap lies between:

Mexico & USA

Colombia & Panama

Peru & Bolivia

Brazil & Argentina

#94. Match the Following)RegionMajor CropA. Prairie1. WheatB. Mekong Delta2. RiceC. Mediterranean Basin3. Olive

A–1, B–2, C–3

A–2, B–1, C–3

A–1, B–3, C–2

A–3, B–2, C–1

#95. Consider the following statements:1. Shenzhen is a major global hub for electronics manufacturing.2. Silicon Valley is located in the U.S. state of California.3. Osaka is known as the “Manchester of Japan” due to its historical textile industry.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#96. Consider the following statements:1. Rotterdam is one of Europe’s largest port cities.2. Houston is known for petroleum and energy industries.3. Vienna is known as the “Gateway to the West”.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

#97. Which of the following correctly matches port/industrial centre with specialisation?

Busan – Shipbuilding

Antwerp – Diamond trade

Ras Laffan – LNG export

All of the above

#98. Consider the following statements about Human Development Index (HDI):1. It includes income, education and health.2. It is released by the World Bank.3. It compares level of development among countries.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 3 only

2 only

1 only

1, 2 and 3

#99. Consider the following push factors:1. Political instability2. Better wages3. Natural disastersWhich are push factors?

1 and 3 only

2 only

1 only

1, 2 and 3

#100. Which of the following regions is most suitable for offshore wind energy development?

Bay of Bengal

Arabian Sea coast of Gujarat

Landlocked Central Asia

Equatorial Atlantic region

Full Length geography MCQ Questions & Answers

Results

#2. Match the FollowingList I (Feature)List II (Process)A. Mid-ocean ridge1. divergentB. Rift valley2. Sea floor spreadingC. Island arc3. Convergent marginD. Transform fault4. Lateral movement

#4. Consider the following statements regarding El Niño:1. It weakens Indian monsoon rainfall.2. It is associated with cooling of eastern Pacific waters.3. It causes warming of central and eastern Pacific.Which of the above are correct?

#5. Match the FollowingList I (Current)List II (Characteristic)A. Gulf Stream1. Cold current along north-western AfricaB. Canary Current2. Warm current of the north-western AtlanticC. Labrador Current3. Cold current along eastern CanadaD. Kuroshio Current4. Warm current of the northwestern Pacific

#6. Which of the following are associated with temperature inversion?1. Calm winds2. Anticyclonic conditions3. Increased vertical mixing

#7. Arrange the following ocean currents from east to west in the Atlantic Ocean:1. Canary Current2. Gulf Stream3. Labrador Current

#8. Assertion A.: Western Europe experiences mild winters.Reason (R): Warm ocean currents moderate temperatures along western coasts.

#9. Which of the following statements regarding coral reefs are correct?1. Coral bleaching occurs due to rise in sea surface temperature.2. Corals depend on zooxanthellae for nutrition.3. Coral reefs thrive in cold, nutrient-rich waters.

#10. Which of the following are associated with the BBNJ Treaty?1. Conservation of biodiversity in high seas2. Regulation of coastal fishing by states3. Areas beyond national jurisdiction

#11. Which of the following correctly explains resource distribution?

#12. Match the FollowingClimate TypeFeatureA. Equatorial1. Heavy convectional rainfallB. Mediterranean2. Winter rainfallC. Monsoon3. Seasonal reversal of winds

#13. Which factors contribute to desert formation?1. Subtropical high-pressure belts2. Cold ocean currents3. Rain shadow regions

#14. Which of the following regions is witnessing accelerated glacier retreat due to climate change?

#15. Which of the following best explains demographic transition theory?

#16. Consider the following statements regarding plate tectonics:1. New crust is formed at divergent plate boundaries.2. Convergent boundaries are associated with volcanic arcs.3. Transform boundaries create deep-sea trenches.Which of the above are correct?

#17. Which of the following landforms is formed by fluvial deposition?

#18. Match the FollowingList IList IIA. Orogenic movement1. FoldingB. Epeirogenic movement2. Uplift of continentsC. Earthquake3. Sudden release of energy

#19. Which of the following factors influence cyclone formation?1. Sea surface temperature above 26.5°C2. High Coriolis force near the equator3. Low vertical wind shear

#20. Assertion A.: Tropical cyclones weaken after landfall.Reason (R): They lose access to latent heat energy from warm oceans.

#21. Which of the following regions receive rainfall mainly due to Western Disturbances?

#22. Which of the following are consequences of global warming?1. Rise in sea level2. Increased frequency of extreme weather events3. Strengthening of polar ice caps

#23. Match the FollowingWindRegionA. Chinook1. RockiesB. Mistral2. FranceC. Sirocco3. Sahara

#24. Which of the following statements is correct regarding ocean salinity?

#25. Which of the following regions have experienced significant marine heatwave events in recent years, according to global climate assessments?1. Indian Ocean2. North Atlantic Ocean3. Mediterranean Sea

#26. Which factor most influences population density?

#28. Arrange the following Himalayan passes from west to east:1. Zoji La2. Nathu La3. Shipki La4. Lipulekh

#33. Match the FollowingList I (Type)List II (Meaning)A. Arithmetic density1. Population / arable landB. Physiological density2. Population / cultivated landC. Agricultural density3. Farmers / arable land4. Population / total area

#34. The term "Isodapane", used in industrial location theory, refers to:

#37. Which of the following coastal plains are correctly matched?1. Konkan Coast – Maharashtra2. Coromandel Coast – Tamil Nadu3. Malabar Coast – Odisha4. Northern Circars – Andhra Pradesh

#38. Arrange the following hill ranges of the Purvanchal Himalaya from north to south:1. Patkai Bum2. Naga Hills3. Mizo (Lushai) Hills4. Manipur Hills

#39. Consider the following pairs:Local NameRegion1. DuarsFoothills of Eastern Himalaya2. TeraiMarshy belt south of Bhabar3. RehSaline patches in arid plains4. KarewasFloodplains of BrahmaputraHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

#41. Consider the following rivers:1. Subarnarekha2. Pennar3. Palar4. DamodarWhich of the above rivers do NOT originate in the Western Ghats?

#42. Arrange the following rivers from north to south:1. Sabarmati2. Mahi3. Narmada4. Tapi

#44. Arrange the following Eastern Ghats ranges from north to south:1. Mahendragiri2. Nallamala3. Shevaroy Hills4. Sirumalai Hills

#45. Consider the following pairs:IndustryLocation1. AluminiumKorba2. ShipbuildingVisakhapatnam3. FertilizerSindri4. Software TechnologyBengaluruHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

#46. Arrange the following states in descending order of wheat production 2024-25:1. Punjab2. Madhya Pradesh3. Uttar Pradesh4. Haryana

#48. Arrange the following crops in increasing order of water requirement:1. Millets2. Wheat3. Rice4. Sugarcane

#49. Arrange the following thermal power plants from north to south:1. Rihand2. Talcher3. Neyveli4. Singrauli

#50. Which of the following factors plays the most important role in the onset of the Southwest Monsoon?

#51. Which cropping pattern is most suitable for regions with uncertain rainfall?

#52. Which of the following indicators are derived from NFHS, not directly from Census?1. Anaemia prevalence2. Literacy rate3. Institutional delivery rate4. Child Sex Ratio (0–6 years)

#54. Consider the following pairs:Climatic RegionDominant Rainfall Type1. Western CoastOrographic rainfall2. Tamil Nadu CoastRetreating monsoon rainfall3. RajasthanConvectional rainfall (major source)4. AssamFrontal rainfall (dominant)How many pairs are correctly matched?

#55. Arrange the following climatic types from wettest to driest (as per Köppen classification in India):1. Am2. Aw3. BSh4. BWh

#58. Consider the following:1. Paradip Port2. JNPT3. Visakhapatnam Port4. Chennai PortWhich of the following are major east-coast ports associated with industrial-corridor connectivity in eastern and south-eastern India?

#59. Consider the following pairs:FeatureLocation1. Aravalli RangeWestern margin of Peninsular Plateau2. Vindhya RangeSouth of Satpura Range3. Satpura RangeBetween Narmada and Tapi4. Western GhatsEastern boundary of Deccan PlateauHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

#60. Which of the following best describes the "Great Circle" on Earth?

#61. Arrange the following deserts from east to west:1. Gobi2. Atacama3. Kalahari4. Thar

#62. Arrange the following mountain ranges from north to south:1. Alps2. Atlas3. Drakensberg4. Pyrenees

#63. Consider the following statements:1. Cold currents generally flow along the western coasts of continents.2. Warm currents usually move poleward along eastern continental margins.3. Cold currents enhance coastal rainfall.Which of the above are correct?

#64. Which of the following correctly represents east to west alignment?

#65. Consider the following pairs:DiscontinuitySeparates1. MohorovicicCrust and Mantle2. GutenbergMantle and Inner Core3. LehmannOuter Core and Inner CoreWhich of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

#66. Which of the following correctly distinguishes between heliosphere and magnetosphere?

#67. Arrange the following tectonic features from constructive to destructive setting:1. Mid-ocean ridge2. Deep ocean trench3. Island arc4. Rift valley

#68. Which of the following correctly distinguishes continental crust from oceanic crust?1. Continental crust is thicker.2. Oceanic crust is denser.3. Continental crust is primarily basaltic.

#69. Consider the following pairs:FeatureExample1. Flood basaltDeccan Traps2. Caldera lakeLake Toba3. Shield volcanoMount Fuji4. Lava domeMount PeléeWhich of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

#70. Arrange the following water bodies from north to south according to their approximate central latitude:1. Caspian Sea2. Mediterranean Sea3. Red Sea4. Arabian Sea

#71. Arrange the following features related to the Reunion hotspot in chronological order (oldest to youngest):1. Deccan Traps2. Lakshadweep–Chagos Ridge3. Mascarene Islands4. Reunion Island

#72. Which of the following conditions increases tsunami wave height near coast?1. Decreasing water depth2. Increasing wave speed3. Coastal funnel shape

#73. Consider the following fluvial landforms:1. V-shaped valley2. Waterfall3. Floodplain4. Ox-bow lakeWhich of the following are most characteristically associated with the youthful stage of a river?

#74. Which of the following best distinguishes a stalactite from a stalagmite?

#75. The term “Wheat Basket of the World” is most commonly associated with:

#76. A fjord is best described as:

#77. Which of the following planets exhibit retrograde rotation?1. Venus2. Uranus3. Mars

#78. A Total Lunar Eclipse occurs when:

#79. Consider the following statements:1. Dendritic drainage pattern develops on homogeneous rock.2. Trellis pattern develops in folded regions.3. Radial pattern develops around volcanic cones.Which are correct?

#80. Which of the following correctly explains rejuvenation of a river?

#81. Which of the following correctly matches theory and climate focus?

#82. Consider the following:1. Batholith2. Laccolith3. Dyke4. SillWhich are intrusive landforms?

#83. Which of the following best explains differential heating of Earth?

#84. With reference to Rocks and Minerals, consider the following pairs:Rock TypeExample1. IgneousGranite and Basalt2. SedimentarySandstone and Limestone3. MetamorphicGneiss and MarbleWhich of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

#85. Assertion A: Marine West Coast climate has mild winters.Reason R: Influence of warm ocean currents and westerlies.

#86. Arrange from north to south:1. Lake Superior2. Lake Victoria3. Lake Baikal4. Lake Tanganyika

#87. Which of the following straits separate landmasses belonging to two different continents?1. Strait of Gibraltar2. Bosporus3. Bering Strait

#88. Cairo is located on:

#89. Match the Following)RiverSeaA. Nile1. MediterraneanB. Danube2. Black SeaC. Indus3. Arabian Sea

#90. Consider the following:1. Andes Mountains2. Atacama Desert3. Humboldt CurrentWhich of the above are interconnected geographically?

#91. Nagorno-Karabakh, frequently associated with the Armenia–Azerbaijan conflict, is internationally recognised as part of which country?

#92. Lake Chad crisis involves countries like:1. Nigeria2. Niger3. Chad

#93. The Darien Gap lies between: