| Invention/Discovery | Inventor(s) | Year |
| Printing Press | Johannes Gutenberg | 1440 |
| Heliocentric Theory | Nicolaus Copernicus | 1543 |
| Telescope | Hans Lippershey | 1608 |
| Laws of Planetary Motion | Johannes Kepler | 1609 |
| Microscope | Zacharias Janssen | c. 1590 |
| Logarithms | John Napier | 1614 |
| Calculus | Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz | Late 17th century |
| Reflecting Telescope | Isaac Newton | 1668 |
| Laws of Motion and Universal Gravitation | Isaac Newton | 1687 |
| Steam Engine | Thomas Newcomen | 1712 |
| Lightning Rod | Benjamin Franklin | 1752 |
| Smallpox Vaccine | Edward Jenner | 1796 |
| Atomic Theory | John Dalton | 1803 |
| Electromagnetism | Hans Christian Ørsted | 1820 |
| Electric Motor | Michael Faraday | 1821 |
| Photography | Nicéphore Niépce | 1826 |
| Morse Code | Samuel Morse | 1838 |
| Telephone | Alexander Graham Bell | 1876 |
| Phonograph | Thomas Edison | 1877 |
| Incandescent Light Bulb | Thomas Edison | 1879 |
| Radioactivity | Henri Becquerel | 1896 |
| X-rays | Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen | 1895 |
| Quantum Theory | Max Planck | 1900 |
| Theory of Relativity | Albert Einstein | 1905 |
| Model T Automobile | Henry Ford | 1908 |
| Penicillin | Alexander Fleming | 1928 |
| Jet Engine | Frank Whittle | 1937 |
| Nuclear Reactor | Enrico Fermi | 1942 |
| Transistor | John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley | 1947 |
| DNA Double Helix Structure | James Watson and Francis Crick | 1953 |
| Polio Vaccine | Jonas Salk | 1955 |
| Laser | Theodore Maiman | 1960 |
| Internet | Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn | 1974 |
| Personal Computer | IBM | 1981 |
| World Wide Web | Tim Berners-Lee | 1989 |
| Higgs Boson Discovery | CERN | 2012 |
| CRISPR Gene Editing | Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier | 2012 |
| Gravitational Waves Detection | LIGO Collaboration | 2015 |
| COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine | BioNTech/Pfizer and Moderna | 2020 |
| Electric Battery | Alessandro Volta | 1800 |
| Periodic Table | Dmitri Mendeleev | 1869 |
| Pasteurization | Louis Pasteur | 1864 |
| Antiseptic Surgery | Joseph Lister | 1867 |
| Electron Discovery | J.J. Thomson | 1897 |
| Insulin | Frederick Banting and Charles Best | 1921 |
| Television | Philo Farnsworth | 1927 |
| Ballpoint Pen | László Bíró | 1938 |
| Mobile Phone | Martin Cooper | 1973 |
| Steam Locomotive | George Stephenson | 1814 |
| Radio | Guglielmo Marconi | 1895 |
Important Inventions and Discoveries
