#1. The Ramsar convention is associated with the conservation of

bio fuels

forests

wet lands

dry lands

#2. Eco-Mark is given to the Indian products that are

Pure and unadulterated

Rich in proteins

Environment-friendly

Economically viable

#3. Which one of the following is the best source of generating electricity in India from the viewpoint of sustainable development ?

Coal

Mineral oil and gas

Hydro electricity

Atomic energy

#4. Sustainable development is a case of intergenerational sensibility in respect of use of

natural resources

material resources

industrial resources

social resources

#5. Chipko movement was basically against

Water pollution

Noise pollution

Deforestation

Cultural pollution

#6. As an ecosystem, wetlands are useful for which of the following ?

For nutrient recovery and recycling

For releasing heavy metals through absorption by plants.

In reducing siltation of rivers by retaining sediments

All the above

#7. The cycling of elements in an ecosystem is called

chemical cycles

biogeochemical cycles

geological cycles

geochemical cycles

#8. The transitional zone between two distinct communities is known as

Ecotype

Ecade

Ecosphere

Ecotone

#9. Which one of the following is the most stable ecosystem ?

Desert

Mountain

Ocean

Forest

#10. The orderly sequence of change in the vegetation of an area over time is described as

biomes

succession

trophic level

climax

#11. The minimum area of the land required to completely sustain the life of one person is called his

Biota

Biome

Ecological foot print

Niche

#12. Biosphere reserves are areas to preserve

Grassland

Agricultural produce

Atmospheric balance

Genetic diversity

#13. Solar radiation plays the most important role in the

Carbon cycle

Oxygen cycle

Water cycle

Nitrogen cycle

#14. The author of Green Development is

M.J. Bradshaw

M. Nicolson

R.H. Whittaker

W.M. Adams

#15. Among the biotic components of the ecosystem the producer system is

Cow

Peacock

Tiger

Green plants

#16. The concept of ecological niche was first introduced by

C.C. Park

E.P. Odum

J. Grinnell

G.E. Hutchinson

#17. Biotic component of the environment does not include

soil system

animal system

micro-organism system

plant system

#18. Higher order biotic level includes

population

cells

genes

tissues

#19. Which one of the following is a part of Geological cycle ?

Carbon cycle

Hydrogen cycle

Hydrological cycle

Nitrogen cycle

#20. An artificial ecosystem is represented by

Agriculture land

Pisciculture tank

Zoo

Aquarium

#21. All components and individuals in an ecosystem are

individualistic

independent

interdependent

dispensable

#22. The amount of energy as it passes on from one trophic level to other in an ecosystem

increases

decreases

remains constant

none of these

#23. What term denotes the organisms getting their food from others ?

Heterotrophs

Autotrophs

Producers

Synthesizers

#24. The word ‘Ecology’ was coined in 1866 by

Charles Darwin

Robert Whittaker

Arthur Tansley

Ernst Haeckel

#25. Which one of the following energy is most utilized in biomass ?

Atomic energy

Solar energy

Geothermal energy

Tidal energy

#26. The term ‘ecosystem’ was enunciated by

C.C. Park

G. Mendal

A.G. Tansley

E.P. Odum

#27. Which one of the following is not included under the basic component of the environment ?

Abiotic component

Biotic component

Energy component

Spatial component

#28. Which one of the following is not helpful in maintaining ecological stability?

Ecosystem complexity

Ecosystem diversity

Ecosystem uniformity

Homeostatic mechanism

#29. A pesticide which is a chlorinated hydrocarbon is sprayed on a food crop. The food chain is: Food crop – Rat – Snake – Hawk. In this food chain, the highest concentration of the pesticide would accumulate in which one of the following?

Food crop

Rat

Snake

Hawk

#30. Consider the following statements

Only 1

Only 2

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

#31. What is the primary source of food for marine life?

Phytoplankton

Zooplankton

Sea weed

Grass

#32. In Nitrogen Cycle, soil nitrates are transformed into free nitrogen by

nitrifying bacteria

denitrifying bacteria

ammonifying bacteria

Both (a) and (c)

#33. The driving force of an ecosystem is

biomass

producer

carbohydrate in producers

solar energy

#34. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Biosphere — Eduard Suess

Ecosystem — A.P. de Candolle

Ecology — A.G. Tansley

Biodiversity — Reiter

#35. As an ecosystem, wetlands are useful for which of the following?

For nutrient recovery and cycling

For releasing heavy metals through absorption by plants.

They maintain the rivers and control floods.

All the above

#36. Which of the following statements are true about ecosystem? Select the correct answer from the codes:

1 and 2

2 and 3

1 and 3

3 and 4

#37. Consider the following statements:

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

A is true but R is false.

A is false but R is true.

#38. Which one of the following statements is not correct?

Ecosystem’s structure, species composition and functioning change seasonally between years.

Nature has spent millions of years to refine a stable ecosystem.

Ecosystem functions mainly through the input of solar energy

The relative loss of energy due to respiration decreases with higher trophic levels.

#39. Which one of the following does not promote stability of the ecosystem?

Balancing between production and consumption of each element in the ecosystem.

Balance between input and output of energy.

Normal functioning of different biochemical cycles.

Increase of human population.

#40. Consider the following statements:

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

A is true but R is false.

A is false but R is true.

#41. Which one of the following statements is correct?

The relative loss of energy due to respiration is lower from higher trophic levels.

Species at higher trophic levels appear to be less efficient in using their available food supply.

Higher trophic levels tend to be less discrete than the lower ones.

Food chains tend to be reasonably long.

#42. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

2 4 3 1

2 4 1 3

4 2 3 1

4 2 1 3

#43. Consider the following kinds of organisms and identify the pollinating agent/agents.

Bat and Bee but not bird

Bee, bat and birds

Hummingbird but not bee

Wind, bee, bat, birds.

#44. Consider the following statements regarding the Millennium Assessment (MA) report 2005 and choose the correct ones:

Only 1

Only 2

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

#45. Consider the following statements:

Both A and R are true, R is correct explanation of A.

Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

A is true, R is false.

A is false, R is true.

#46. The ministry of Environment and forest declared India’s first marine eco. sensitive zone in–

Gulf of kutch

Palk strait

Gulf of khambat

Gulf of Mannar

#47. Eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay along the eastern edge of Maryland has resulted in low oxygen levels in the water and alternation of food webs. The cause of this eutrophication appears to be pollution that contains high levels of :

nitrogen and carbon

nitrogen and phosphorus

carbon and phosphorus

carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus

#48. In case of a parasitic food chain, the shape of the pyramid of number is always:

Upright

Linear

Inverted

Not certain

#49. In a forest, deer, racoons, squirrels, and other animals eat and find shelter. A detritus food web occurs as their wastes accumulate on the forest floor. In this detritus web:

deer and raccoons function as the producers

fungi and earthworms function as producers

decomposers function as consumers

the deer and raccoons represent decomposers

#50. In a rural hilly district in Himachal Pradesh, a land developer uses bulldozers to clear all but the largest trees and cleans up a nearby stream, lining the bottom of the stream with pretty rocks and steeping-stones. Planting lawn grasses around the base of the trees, the owner wants to create a pretty park-like setting around his home. We expect that in this cleared yard, there will be:

more species of invertebrates in the stream and on the land but fewer species of vertebrates and plants everywhere

more mammal and plant species, but fewer birds and invertebrates on the land and in the stream

fewer species of vertebrates and plants everywhere but more invertebrates in the steam

fewer species of plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates everywhere

#51. In the communities found deep in the ocean off the shore of Japan, bacteria have special enzymes that allow them to form organic matter by chemosynthesis. These communities frequently have worms, clams, shrimp and many other organisms clustered together. These communities nestle around hydrothermal vents where super heated water, springs form the bottom of the ocean. In hydrothermal vent communities, we would not expect to find :

carbon compounds

chemosynthesis

chlorophyll

producers

#52. Iron ore mining companies are expanding into the deep forests of Orissa where native populations of indigenous people have lived off the land for many centuries. In order to resolve the growing conflicts between the natives and the mining companies, they have been urged by the Government officials to bring together all of the interested parties. The mining company operations in the forest will likely lead to the loss of ecosystem services, such as:

the depletion of iron ore from the ground

the shift from logging to mining

sources of freshwater

the construction of new roads

#53. Neena gets a new baby turtle from a friend, and is told to feed it worms. For the first few months, the turtle seemed to grow fine. But as time passed, the turtle’s shell appeared soft and fragile. Someone suggested that the turtle might not be getting enough calcium in its diet. If this is true for this turtle, dietary calcium is :

a limiting factor

an environmental condition

a habitat condition

a natural environmental stressor

#54. Walking along a large city park on a hot summer day, you look for a cool resting place and sit down on a large rock under a tree, at the quiet edge of a stream. You have searched for and found an example of a :

microclimate

biome

landscape

population

#55. Which of following statement is true about the ecotone?

It is meeting place of two different eco systems

It is meeting place of two same eco systems

Density of species is very low here

All of the above.

#56. Consider following statement about the estuary

(I) only

(II) only

(I) and II)

(III)

#57. Which of the following statement is incorrect about the Biosphere?

Biosphere is a combination of lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere

Biosphere is missing at extreme of north and south pole

Organisms are uniformly present in Biosphere

All of the above

#58. What percent of area in the plain should be under forest?

21 %

25%

17%

33%

#59. Upper part of sea/aquatic ecosystem contains

plankton

nekton

plankton and nekton

benthos

#60. Competition for light, nutrients and space is most severe between

closely related organism growing in different niches

closely related organisms growing in the same area/niche

distantly related organisms growing in the same habitat

distantly related organisms growing in different niches.

#61. Pick up the correct food chain

grass → chameleon → insect → bird

grass → fox → rabbit → bird

phytoplankton → zooplankton → fish

fallen leaves → bacteria → insect larvae

#62. The term M-STRIPES’ is sometimes seen in the news in the context of

Captive breeding of Wild Fauna

Maintenance of Tiger Reserves

Indigenous Satellite Navigation System

Security of National Highways

#63. Recently there was a proposal to translocate some of the lions from their natural habitat in Gujarat to which one of the following sites ?

Corbett National Park

KunoPalpur Wildlife Sanctuary

Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary

Sariska National Park

#64. From the ecological point of view, which one of the following assumes importance in being a good link between the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats?

Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve

Nallamala Forest

Nagarhole National Park

Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve

#65. Consider the following statements in respect of Trade Related Analysis of Fauna and Flora in Commerce (TRAFFIC):

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Ecology and Ecosystem MCQ Questions and Answers

Results

#1. The Ramsar convention is associated with the conservation of

#2. Eco-Mark is given to the Indian products that are

#3. Which one of the following is the best source of generating electricity in India from the viewpoint of sustainable development ?

#4. Sustainable development is a case of intergenerational sensibility in respect of use of

#5. Chipko movement was basically against

#6. As an ecosystem, wetlands are useful for which of the following ?

#7. The cycling of elements in an ecosystem is called

#8. The transitional zone between two distinct communities is known as

#9. Which one of the following is the most stable ecosystem ?

#10. The orderly sequence of change in the vegetation of an area over time is described as

#11. The minimum area of the land required to completely sustain the life of one person is called his

#12. Biosphere reserves are areas to preserve

#13. Solar radiation plays the most important role in the

#14. The author of Green Development is

#15. Among the biotic components of the ecosystem the producer system is

#16. The concept of ecological niche was first introduced by

#17. Biotic component of the environment does not include

#18. Higher order biotic level includes

#19. Which one of the following is a part of Geological cycle ?

#20. An artificial ecosystem is represented by

#21. All components and individuals in an ecosystem are

#22. The amount of energy as it passes on from one trophic level to other in an ecosystem

#23. What term denotes the organisms getting their food from others ?

#24. The word ‘Ecology’ was coined in 1866 by

#25. Which one of the following energy is most utilized in biomass ?

#26. The term ‘ecosystem’ was enunciated by

#27. Which one of the following is not included under the basic component of the environment ?

#28. Which one of the following is not helpful in maintaining ecological stability?

#29. A pesticide which is a chlorinated hydrocarbon is sprayed on a food crop. The food chain is: Food crop – Rat – Snake – Hawk. In this food chain, the highest concentration of the pesticide would accumulate in which one of the following?

#30. Consider the following statements

#31. What is the primary source of food for marine life?

#32. In Nitrogen Cycle, soil nitrates are transformed into free nitrogen by

#33. The driving force of an ecosystem is

#34. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

#35. As an ecosystem, wetlands are useful for which of the following?

#36. Which of the following statements are true about ecosystem? Select the correct answer from the codes:

#37. Consider the following statements:

#38. Which one of the following statements is not correct?

#39. Which one of the following does not promote stability of the ecosystem?

#40. Consider the following statements:

#41. Which one of the following statements is correct?

#42. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

#43. Consider the following kinds of organisms and identify the pollinating agent/agents.

#44. Consider the following statements regarding the Millennium Assessment (MA) report 2005 and choose the correct ones:

#45. Consider the following statements:

#46. The ministry of Environment and forest declared India’s first marine eco. sensitive zone in–

#47. Eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay along the eastern edge of Maryland has resulted in low oxygen levels in the water and alternation of food webs. The cause of this eutrophication appears to be pollution that contains high levels of :

#48. In case of a parasitic food chain, the shape of the pyramid of number is always:

#49. In a forest, deer, racoons, squirrels, and other animals eat and find shelter. A detritus food web occurs as their wastes accumulate on the forest floor. In this detritus web:

#54. Walking along a large city park on a hot summer day, you look for a cool resting place and sit down on a large rock under a tree, at the quiet edge of a stream. You have searched for and found an example of a :

#55. Which of following statement is true about the ecotone?

#56. Consider following statement about the estuary

#57. Which of the following statement is incorrect about the Biosphere?

#58. What percent of area in the plain should be under forest?

#59. Upper part of sea/aquatic ecosystem contains

#60. Competition for light, nutrients and space is most severe between

#61. Pick up the correct food chain

#62. The term M-STRIPES’ is sometimes seen in the news in the context of

#63. Recently there was a proposal to translocate some of the lions from their natural habitat in Gujarat to which one of the following sites ?

#64. From the ecological point of view, which one of the following assumes importance in being a good link between the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats?

#65. Consider the following statements in respect of Trade Related Analysis of Fauna and Flora in Commerce (TRAFFIC):

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