Results
#1. Match column I with column II and select the correct answer using the code given below the columns:
#2. Match the two columns and select the correct alternative
#3. Consider the following statements
#4. Arrange the following tropical forest groups in the correct order of sequence based on area covered in India beginning from the largest covered area:
#5. Match list I with list II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
#6. Teak and Sal are products of
#7. Match the following:
#8. Where in India is the Jim Corbet National Park located?
#9. Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary is in the state of
#10. The only sanctuary where Kashmir stag is found is
#11. Kaziranga national park is famous for
#12. Tree cover is maximum in
#13. Which of the following is a biodiesel plant?
#14. The Himalayan range is very rich in species diversity. Which one among the following is most appropriate reason for this phenomenon?
#15. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
#16. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? National Park — State
#17. Which of the following National Park’s uniqueness lies in its man-made lakes and ancient reservoirs, which have merged into the natural system as vital sources of water? It also has a large populaton of panthers, the second largest predators of the forest.
#18. Consider the following sanctuaries of India:
#19. Match the following
#20. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the given tiger reserves of India from North to South?
#21. Consider the following statements
#22. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :
#23. Among the following forest types in India, which one occupies the largest area?
#24. Which one of the following national parks is located near Chamoli?
#25. Which one of the following states has the largest forest area to its total land area?
#26. In which one of the following states is Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary located?
#27. Kanha National Park belongs to which one among the following biogeographical areas in the world?
#28. Arrange the following states in decreasing order of their total area under forest cover :
#29. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists:
#30. The following items consist of two statements, Statement I and Statement II. You are to examine these two statements carefully and select the answers to these items using the code given below:
#31. The following items consist of two statements, Statement I and Statement II. You are to examine these two statements carefully and select the answers to these items using the code given below:
#32. Which of the following longitudes is known as “standard Meridian” in India?
#33. Which one of the following has evergreen forest?
#34. Which one of the following has a protected mangrove region?
#35. Which of the following is not correclty matched? National Park State
#36. The Marine National Park is located in—
#37. The largest reserves of sal forest is found in—
#38. The valley of flowers is located in—
#39. Littoral and Swampe Forests are not found in—
#40. The ‘Blackbuck National Park’ situated in the Indian State of —
#41. Where is the First Biosphere Reserve of India is located?
#42. Consider the following sentences with reference to the Keibul Lamjao National Park—
#43. Recently Nilambur Teak has been granted Geographical Indication status. It has its origin in the state of—
#44. Bhitarkanika Mangroves are in the state of—
#45. Match the following—
#46. A Sandy and Saline area is the natural habitat of Indian animal species. The animal is threatened due to the destruction of its habitat. Which one of the following could be that animal?
#47. In State of Jharkhand, the forests categorized as ‘Reserve Forests’
#48. India has how many major bio-geographic regions?
#49. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason (R). Select your answer from the codes given below—
#50. In Uttarakhand, Oak-Rhododendron are characteristic plants of —
#51. Which of the following States of India has the largest percentage of geographical area under forest as per the report of the Forest Survey of India?
#52. Consider the following statements:
#53. Consider the following statements about Bhitarkanika Mangroves:
#54. With reference to Amazon rainforests consider the following statements:
1.They are also known as lungs of the planet.
2. It is the home of tribes like the Crow, Cree and Pawnee.
3.They are characterized by hot and wet climate throughout the year.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct. Amazon rainforests covers 6% of world’s area and is home for large number of flora and fauna and thus it is known as lungs of planet earth.
Statement 2 is incorrect. ‘The Prairies (not Amazon) were home of other tribes also like the Apache, the Crow, the Cree and the Pawnee. Kawahiva, Korubo, Piripkura are some famous tribes of Amazon rainforests.
Statement 3 is correct. Amazon Basin stretches directly on the equator and is characterized by hot and wet climate throughout the year. Both day and nights are almost equally hot and humid and it usually rains almost every day.
#55. Consider the following statements regarding Littoral and Swamp forests:
1.These forests can survive only in brackish water
2. These forests provide hard and durable timber.
3. These forests are con ned only to the Sundarbans delta.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is incorrect — The Littoral and Swamp forests can survive and grow both in fresh as well as brackish water. Brackish water is a mixture of seawater and fresh water and its salinity can range from 0.5 to 35 ppt.
Statement 2 is correct — The Littoral and Swamp forests provide hard and durable timber which is used for construction and building purposes as well as for making boats.
Statement 3 is incorrect — Littoral and swamp forests occur in and around the deltas, estuaries and creeks prone to tidal influences. They occur in the deltas of the Ganga, the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Cauvery. Sunderbans in the Ganga delta is the most pronounced location of such types of forests.
#56. Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding megadiverse countries?
1. A megadiverse country must contain at least 1500 species of vascular plants as endemics.
2. It is identified by Conservation International.
3. A Group of Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries are formed through the Cancun initiative.
4. All 17 megadiverse countries are members of the like-minded megadiverse countries.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Statement 1 is incorrect. A megadiverse country must have:
1. at least 5,000 species of endemic plants and
2. must border marine ecosystems.
Statement 2 is correct. Conservation International identified 17 megadiverse countries in 1998.
Statement 3 is correct. In 2002, Mexico formed a separate organization focusing on Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries, consisting of countries rich in biological diversity and associated traditional knowledge. This was formed in Cancun and hence called as Cancun initiative.
Statement 4 is incorrect. Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries Organization does not include all the megadiverse countries as identified by Conservation International.
#57. Which of the following sets of pair(s) is/are correctly matched?
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Two of the important factors determining plant growth are temperature and precipitation.
Pair 1 is correct — Teak is a plant belonging to tropical monsoon climate.
Pair 2 is correct – Olive belongs to Mediterranean type climate, that is, warm temperate western margin.
Pair 3 is correct — Cactus is well adapted for desert climates.
Pair 4 is incorrect — Spruce grows naturally in Siberian type climate or Cool temperate continental climate.
#58. With reference to precipitation pattern around the world, consider the following pairs:
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
Pair 1 is incorrect — Savannah Type climate has onshore winds in summer and off-shore in winter. It is characterised by an alternate hot, rainy season and cool, dry season. The annual rainfall here is mostly concentrated in summer. Precipitation with Winter maxima is in Mediterranean climate.
Pair 2 is correct — Equatorial climate witnesses’ heavy precipitation which is well distributed throughout the year. There is no month without the rain. A distinct dry season like those of the Savanna or the tropical monsoon climate is absent. Maximum rainfall occurs shortly after the equinox.
Pair 3 is correct — Tropical Monsoon type have three distinct seasons —
1. Cool, dry season from October to February
2. Hot dry season from March to mid-June
3. Rainy season from mid-June to September
#59. Consider the following statements regarding equatorial climatic region:
1. It has two periods of maximum rainfall which occurs shortly after Solstices.
2. Equatorial forests occurs in multiple layers where each layer has pure stands of single species only.
3. The equatorial region is densely populated.
Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?
Statement 1 is incorrect — two periods of maximum rainfall in April and October, in equatorial region. These two peaks are observed shortly after the equinoxes which occur around March 21st and September 23rd every year. This double rainfall peak is a unique feature of equatorial climate.
Statement 2 is incorrect — Tropical vegetation has multiple layers, the top layer has thick canopy of foliage, smaller trees form the next layer and the third layer occurs at ground having ferns and herbaceous plants. Unlike the temperate forest where only few species occur in particular area, the trees of tropical rain forest are not found in pure stands of single species instead it has multiple species.
Statement 3 is incorrect. The equatorial region is generally sparsely populated. The high temperature, high humidity makes one feel sticky and uncomfortable. The monotonous climate, oppressive and enervating taxes one’s mental alertness and physical ability. Dangers of sun stroke, diseases like malaria and yellow fever etc. and also prevalence of bacteria and insect pests are some of the reasons for low density of population.
#60. With reference to Savanna type climate, consider the following statements:
1. Extreme Diurnal range of temperature is the characteristic feature of Savanna type climate.
2. Savanna Landscape is characterised by trees with small wide leaves and absence of shade.
3. Savanna type climate is also found in Brazil and Australia.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct – Monthly temperatures in the region of grasslands can range between 21 to 32 degrees centigrade for lowlands, but the range increases as one moves away from the equator. Annual average temperature is around 18 degrees centigrade. Sky is clear during the night leading to rapid radiation loss and even in the hot season, the temperatures drop to below 10 degrees centigrade. ‘Thus, a typical characteristic feature of Savanna climate is the extreme diurnal range of temperature.
Statement 2 is incorrect – The savanna landscape is typified by tall grass and short trees. Trees with small wide leaves and absence of shade is the distinctive feature of Mediterranean climate.
Statement 3 is correct —In South America, there are two distinct regions of savanna north and south of equator, namely the Llanos and the Campos (Brazil). In Australia savanna is located south ofthe monsoon strip running from west to east north of tropic of Capricorn.
#61. Consider the following statements about the Hot Desert type climatic regions:
1. Aridity of hot deserts is mainly due to effects of off -shore trade winds.
2. Desert vegetation have highly specialized means of adaptation to arid environment.
3. Mineral wealth of Deserts which make them economically attractive.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct — Deserts are regions o scanty rainfall which may be hot like the hot deserts of the Saharan type; or temperate as are the mid-latitude deserts like the Gobi. The Aridity of hot deserts is mainly due to effects of off-shore trade winds.
Statement 2 is correct — Plants that exist in deserts have highly specialized means of adapting themselves to arid environment. Most desert shrubs have long roots and are well spaced out and search for groundwater. Plants have few or no leaves and their foliage is either waxy leathery, hairy and needle shaped to reduce the loss of water through transpiration. Some of them are entirely leafless with pricks and thorns. Others like Cacti have thick and succulent stems to store water for long droughts.
Statement 3 is correct — The Deserts have rich mineral resources. ‘The lure of mineral wealth has attracted many immigrants into the desert.
1. Gold brought immigrants to the Kalgoorlie and Coolgardie towns of the Great Australian Desert.
2.’The Kalahari Desert is rich in diamond and copper.
3.’The most arid Atacama Desert (in Northern Chile) is famous for mining of caliches (cemented gravels) from which sodium nitrate is prepared. Beside nitrates, copper is also mined.
4. Desert of North America – Silver is mined in Mexico, Uranium in Utah and Copper in Nevada.
5. Saharan and Arabian deserts are today supplying Oil all over the globe.
#62. With reference to deserts around the world, consider the following pairs:
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
Pair 1 is correct — Namib Desert is linked with Benguela current which is a cold current.
Pair 2 is correct — Mohave Desert is linked with Californian current which is a cold current.
Pair 3 is incorrect — Gobi Desert is a rain shadow desert, formed by the Tibetan Plateau blocking precipitation from the Indian Ocean reaching the Gobi territory. It is rainless because of continentality.
Pair 4 is correct — Sahara Desert is linked with Canaries current which is a cold current.
Figure: Hot and mid-latitude deserts of the world
#63. With reference to tribes around the world, consider the following pairs:
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
Pair 1 is incorrect — Indian tribes are found in the Amazon rainforests. They collect wild rubber. In the Congo basin, Pygmy tribe is found.
Pair 2 is correct — Orang Asli tribes roam the jungles of Malaysia. They are known for making and selling all sorts of cane products.
Pair 3 is correct — Bindibu or Aborigines are the nomadic hunters and food gatherers of Australia.
Pair 4 is incorrect — The Bushmen are the nomadic hunters and food gatherers. They roam the Kalahari Desert with their bows and poisoned arrows, spears, traps and snares.
#64. Consider the following statements regarding grasslands:
1. Tropical grasslands are considered as granaries of the world.
2. Temperate grasslands are famous for nutritious grasses.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Statement 1 is incorrect — In the recent years, Temperate grasslands have been ploughed up for extensive, mechanized wheat cultivation and are now the granaries of the world. Besides wheat, maize is also increasingly cultivated.
Statement 2 is correct — Temperate grasslands are found in mid-latitudinal regions and interior parts of countries, and the grass there is short and nutritious like the lucerne or alfalfa grass. They are very productive areas for cattle and sheep rearing and are leading ranching regions of the globe.
#65. With reference to temperate grasslands of the world, consider the following pairs:
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
Pair 1 is correct — Pustaz are found in Hungary. Steppes of Europe are interrupted by highlands. Pustaz are the isolated sections of these steppes.
Pair 2 is incorrect – Velds are found in South Africa. They are sandwiched between Drakensberg and Kalahari Desert.
Pair 3 is correct — Pampas are found in Argentina and Uruguay.
Pair 4 is incorrect — Prairies are the extensive grasslands found in North America. ‘They lie in the foothills of the Rockies and great lakes.
#66. Consider the following statements about Warm Temperate Eastern Margin climate:
1. It is typi ed by warm, dry summer and cool, moist winter.
2. Regions experiences low rainfall and desert type vegetation.
3. It is found in the gulf states of middle east.
Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?
Statement 1 is incorrect — Warm Temperate Eastern margin climate is found on the eastern margins of the continents in warm temperate latitudes, just outside the tropics. It is typified by warm moist summer and a cool, dry winter. The climate here is strongly influenced by maritime influence.
Statement 2 is incorrect — ‘Ihe eastern margins of warm temperate latitudes have a much heavier rainfall than either the western margins or the continental interiors and thus have luxuriant vegetation.
Statement 3 is incorrect – Gulf type of climate is a subtype of Warm Temperate Eastern Margin climate. It is experienced in the south-eastern parts of the USA bordering the Gulf of Mexico and not in middle east.
#67. Which of the following is not the characteristics of the Laurentian climate?
Statement a is correct. Laurentian climate is an intermediate type of climate between the British and the Siberian type of climate. It has features of both maritime and continental climates.
Statement b is correct. The predominant vegetation is cool temperate forests.
Statement c is incorrect. Lumbering and its associated timber, paper and pulp industries are the most important economic undertaking. Agriculture is less important in view of the severity of the winter and its long duration.
Statement d is correct. The rainfall regime of the laurentian climate in Asiatic region is similar to the tropical monsoon type in India. ‘The laurentian type here is often described as cool temperate monsoon type climate.
#68. Consider the following statements about the Cool temperate western margin climate:
1. It is also referred to as Natal type of climate.
2. It is found in the Northern hemisphere only. 3. e natural vegetation of this climatic type is deciduous forest
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is incorrect — Cool temperate western margin climate is also known as British type climate. Natal type of climate belongs to Warm temperate eastern margin. T
Statement 2 is incorrect – “This type of climate is most pronounced in and around Britain. In North America, if is mainly confined to coastlands of British Columbia. In the southern hemisphere, the climate is experienced in Southern Chile, Tasmania and most parts of New Zealand.
Statement 3 is correct — The natural vegetation of this climatic type is deciduous forest (trees shed their leaves in the cold season). ‘This is an adaptation for protecting themselves against the winter snow and frost.
#69. With reference to world distribution of rainfall, consider the following statements:
1. Generally, rate of rainfall decreases steadily from equator to poles.
2. The coastal areas receive more rainfall than the interior of the continents.
3. Western coast receives more rainfall between 35 degree and 40-degree N and S latitudes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct. As we proceed from the equator towards the pole’s rainfall goes on decreasing steadily.
Statement 2 is correct. The coastal areas of the world receive greater amounts of rainfall than the interior of the continents. Also, the rainfall is more over the oceans than on the landmasses of the world because of being great sources of water.
Statement 3 is incorrect. Between the latitudes 35 degree and 40-degree N and S of the equator, the rain is heavier on the eastern coasts and goes on decreasing towards the west.
#70. With reference to local winds of the world, consider the following pairs:
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Pair 1 is incorrect — Sirocco is a hot, dry, dusty wind which originates from the Sahara. It is most frequent in the springs and normally last for only a few days. The Sirocco blows outward from the desert interiors into the cooler Mediterranean Sea where it absorbs some moisture.
Pair 2 is correct — Buran is a cold, northerly polar wind of Eurasia, blowing violently at 50 m.p.h or more and at a temperature of 500F below freezing point. ‘The powdery snow-flakes are blown around in the lower atmosphere and visibility is greatly reduced.
Pair 3 is incorrect — Mistral is a cold wind from north rushing down the Rhone valley in France. The velocity of the Mistral is intensified by the funneling effect in the valley between the Alps and the Central Massif.
#71. Consider the following statements regarding ‘Mangrove forests’:
1. Mangroves forests requires sedimentation covered with brackish water for a part or all of the day
2. They support a diverse heterotrophic food chain.
3. Mangroves for Future is an intergovernmental organisation of SAARC and ASEAN member countries.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct. Mangroves are the distinctive ecosystems found along the shallow coasts 300 N or S and the equator.lhe sediment in which mangrove trees live must be covered with brackish or salt-water for part or all of the day.
Statement 2 is correct. Mangroves are highly productive ecosystems which are capable of exporting energy and materials to adjacent communities. They support a diverse heterotrophic food chain, act as nurseries in the life cycle of some organisms, and offer some protection against coastal erosion and storm surge attack
Statement 3 is Incorrect. Mangroves for Future is not an intergovernmental organization. Mangroves for the Future (MFF) is a unique partner-led initiative to promote investment in coastal ecosystem conservation for sustainable development. Co-chaired by IUCN and UNDP, MFF provides a platform for collaboration among the many different agencies, sectors and countries which are addressing challenges to coastal ecosystem and livelihood issues.
#72. Consider the following statements:
1. Coral reefs are mainly found between latitudes 30 degree North and South on mud free coastlines.
2. Increase of ammonia and nitrate in the water leads to coral bleaching.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct.The distribution of coral reefs and coral formations are controlled by environmental factors, notably water temperature, purity of water, and salinity. Most of reef-forming corals prefer sea temperatures between 180 C to 320 C, salinity between 30 and 38 parts per thousand, and clear water. Light is also important, and coral growth is usually restricted to the upper 25 or 30 metres of the sea surface. Because of these factors, coral reefs are mainly found between latitudes 300 N and S on mud free coastlines, particularly in western parts of Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans.
Statement 2 is correct. An increase of ammonia and nitrate in the water increases the process ofeutrophication. ‘The excessive eutrophication damage the corals and their formations.
#73. Consider the following factors:
1. Acidic Podzolized soils
2. Evergreen vegetation
3. Low temperature
4. Absence of direct sunlight
Which of the above factors are responsible for little undergrowth in the coniferous Siberian forests?
All these factors are deterrents to the growth of much undergrowth.
Statement 1 is correct – The Podzolized soils of the coniferous forests are poor. They are excessively leached and are very acidic. Undergrowth is negligible because of the poor soil conditions.
Statement 2 is correct — The evergreen leaves provide little leaf-fall for humus formation. ‘There is no annual replacement of new leaves as in deciduous trees. ‘The same leaf remains on the tree for as long as five years.
Statement 3 is correct — The rate of decomposition of the leathery ‘needles’ in a region of such low temperature is slow.
Statement 4 is correct — Absence of direct sunlight and the short duration of summer are other contributory factors to a sparse undergrowth.
#74. Consider the following statements about the Cool Temperate Eastern Margin Climatic region:
1. is climatic region hosts one of the world’s best shing grounds.
2. The predominant vegetation of this climate is mahogany, ebony, rosewood.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct — Cool Temperate Eastern Margin Climate also known as Laurentian type of climate is found in Eastern Canada and north-east USA and Eastern coastlands of Asia – North China, Korea and Japan. The region near the Newfoundland and the Japan coast are one of the best fishing areas of the world.
Statement 2 is incorrect — The predominant vegetation of Laurentian type climate is cool temperate forest. Forest tends to be coniferous north of the 500 N latitude. South of 500 N latitude, deciduous forest is found. ‘Ihese forests have great value and the region is famous for lumbering.
Equatorial climates predominant vegetation is mahogany, ebony, rosewood etc.
#75. Consider the following statements about Polar climatic vegetation:
1. Deficiency of heat is the greatest inhibiting factor for vegetation in this region.
2. Convectional rainfall is generally absent in this region.
3. There are no trees found in the tundra region.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct — ‘The greatest inhibiting factor in the growth of the polar climatic vegetation is deficiency in heat. Thus, few plants survive in such adverse environment.
Statement 2 is correct — Convectional rainfall is generally absent in these regions because of the low rate of evaporation and the lack of moisture in the cold polar
Statement 3 is correct — With a growing season of less than three months and warmest month not exceeding 500F, there are no trees in the tundra. Such adverse environment can only support lowest form of vegetation, mosses, lichens and sedges.
#76. Which of the following statement is incorrect with reference to Mangrove vegetation?
Statement a is correct. A mangrove is a shrub or small tree that grows in coastal saline or brackish water. These forests mainly grow at tropical and subtropical latitudes near the equator because they cannot withstand freezing temperatures.
Statement b is incorrect. Viviparous mode of reproduction is common in mangrove species. In this method of reproduction, seeds germinate and develop into seedlings while the seeds are still attached to the parent tree. These seedlings are normally called as propagules and they photosynthesize while still attached to the mother tree. The parent tree supplies water and necessary nutrients.They are buoyant and float in the water for some time before rooting themselves on suitable soil.
Statement c is correct. Mangroves are salt-tolerant trees, also called halophytes, and are adapted to life in harsh coastal conditions. They contain a complex salt filtration system e.g., Leaves of many mangrove species have salt secreting glands and complex root system to cope with salt water immersion and wave action.
Statement d is correct. Top five mangrove forests in India are Sundarbans (West Bengal), Pichavaram Mangroves (Tamil Nadu), Godavari — Krishna Mangroves (Andhra Pradesh), Bhitarkanika Mangroves (Odisha) and Baratang Island Mangroves (Andamans and Nicobar).
#77. Consider the following statements with reference to coral reefs:
1.They are the counterpart to the tropical rain forest in terms of species diversity.
2. They exhibit different colors because of Zooxanthellae algae.
3. Malvan coral reef is located along Karnataka coast.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct. Coral reefs are the counterpart to the tropical rain forest in terms of species diversity and biological productivity in the Ocean. They play a crucial role in supporting the flora and fauna in the marine ecosystem. They are also described as ‘underwater tropical rainforest, fairy land under water, biologist’s paradise, magnificent repository of resources, genetic garden, submerged meadows and treasure house of wealth.’
Statement 2 is correct. Zooxanthellae, the algae present in the corals, contain a pigment called chlorophyll which gives the coral its green or brown color. Corals may change their color (like to blue, violet, red) to adapt to different light conditions and water temperature.
Statement 3 is incorrect. India’s coral reef areas are Gulfof Mannar, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep islands, the Gulf of Kutch and Malvan. Malvan coral reef is located along the Konkan coast in Maharashtra.
#78. Which of the following best describes Vernal pools?
Vernal pools are temporary or ephemeral depressional wetlands in forests or fields. They vary in size from one square meter to over two acres in size. They may be isolated, connected to larger wetlands, or located in floodplains along rivers. ‘These seasonal pond forms from high groundwater or from rain and snowmelt in late fall, winter, and early spring. They are often dry by summer’s end. There are no inlets or outflows of water from the pools. Because vernal pools are seasonal and are not wet all year, they are not inhabited by fish.
Option a is incorrect — Magma chamber is a large pool of liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth.
Option c is incorrect — Hot Springs or geothermal springs are produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater that rises from the Earth’s crust.
Option d is incorrect —A subglacial lake is a lake that is found under a glacier, typically beneath an ice cap or ice sheet. Subglacial lakes form at the boundary between ice and the underlying bedrock
#79. In this forest type, tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons.Itis composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. The animals found are reindeer, lemming and ptarmigan. Environmental conditions here are very severe.
The above statement best describes which of the following forest ecosystem?
In Siberian Tundra tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. It is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. “The typical animals are reindeer, lemming and ptarmigan. Reptiles and amphibians are almost absent here.
Option a is Incorrect. In African Savannah grasses with scattered trees and fire resisting thorny shrubs are found. The fauna include a great diversity of grazers and browsers such as antelopes, buffaloes, zebras, elephants and rhinoceros; the carnivores include lion, cheetah, hyena; and mongoose, and many rodents.
Option b is Incorrect. Central Asian Steppe is found in Ukraine where temperate conditions with low rainfall are found and grasses dominate the vegetation. The fauna include large herbivores like bison, antelope, cattle, rodents, prairie dog, wolves, and a rich and diverse array of ground nesting bird.
Option c is Incorrect. Boreal forest lies in cold regions with high rainfall, strong seasonal climates with long winters and short summers. These are characterised by evergreen plant species such as Spruce, fir and pine trees, etc and by animals such as the lynx, wolf, bear, red fox, porcupine, squirrel, and amphibians like Hyla, Rana, etc
#80. Which of the following are the features of plants in desert ecosystem?
1. Poorly developed root system
2. Succulent leaves and stem
3. Presence of ephemeral lifestyle
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Statement 1 is Incorrect. Desert plants have well developed roots that spread over large area for absorbing water.
Statement 2 is correct. Leaves and stem are succulent and water storing. In some plants even the stem contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
Statement 3 is correct. Ephemeral lifestyle is found in desert ecosystem. Desert ephemerals are plants which are adapted to take advantage of the short wet periods in arid climates.
