HPAS/HAS Mains Question Paper 2023- ENGLISH (COMPULSORY)

1. (a) Rewrite the following sentences after making necessary corrections, if any. Do not make unnecessary changes in the original sentences.

1. I  have accepted the offer yesterday.
2. Do you mind in having a cup of coffee or milk?
3. Meena is usually getting up late.
4. Govind is (elder than/ older to/older than/elder from) his brother. 
5. Despite close friendship, Tarak did not respond my letter yet. 

1. (b) Do as directed.

1. “When did you reach home yesterday?” Suman said to Ravi. (Convert to indirect speech.)
2. Besides preparing for the interview, I also updated my Biodata. (Rewrite the sentence beginning as “I not only…”)
3. Sahil did not share the complete information, so I couldn’t prepare well (Rewrite the sentence beginning as “If Sahil…”)
4. He finally told us who (was he/he was/have he been). (Choose the right option.)
5. Yesterday when I met Shyam, he said: I had a nice time yesterday. I said: But I (didn’t/haven’t/ do). (Choose the right option.)
6. If Leni worked really hard, she (would get/will get/ would’ve got) a better rank. (Choose the right option.)
7. We had to call a taxi as our car (break) down. (Use the right form of the given verb.)
8. I’ll not allow you to go (so long as/ unless/provided) you tell the purpose. (Choose the right option.)
9. He made several excuses, but I could clearly see him (throw/through/of). (Choose the right option.)
10. I haven’t heard from him (since/for/ to) a long while.

1. (c) Fill in the blanks to complete the sentences:

1. Kunal is never on time, …? (Question tag)
2. Simran: The streets are dark and dangerous. There… any streetlights, and I … any watchmen.
3. Adarsh: You played Hockey pretty well today. 
   Azad: I never used to… Hockey in school days. But now … interesting
4.  Jimmy: I forgot my sister’s birthday. I felt really…. So I…
5. Charu: Where … born?
   Udit: In Surat. My parents… there those days

2. Do as directed

(a) (Give synonyms (one each)

1. pretend
2. disbelieve
3. aversion
4.  intentional

(b) Give antonym (one cach)

1. interrupt
2. extravagant
3. gullible
4. enormous

(c) Use the following expressions to make sentences that bring out their meaning clearly. Do not change the form of the words. (No marks will be awarded for vague and ambiguous sentences).

1. bring about
2. take after
3. fair and square
4. wash hands of

(d) Give one word substitutions for the following expressions:

1. One who assumes himself to be more important than others
2. One who knows or understands everything
3. The statistical study of human population
4. That you cannot see through 

(e) Use the given pairs of words in a single sentence to bring out their meaning clearly. Do not change the form of the words. (No marks will be awarded for vague and ambiguous sentences).

1. plane, plain
2. quite, quiet
3. further, farther
4.  its, it’s

3. Ideal Processes and Infrastructure Ltd., Kasauli, wants a project manager for an overseas project. The applicant is required to have good communication and managerial skills. Write a letter to apply for this job highlighting your eligibility, skills and strength in about 300 words. 

OR

You bought a Laptop from Bharat Technologies, Rampur, Himachal Pradesh. It has several issues regarding touch-pad and speed. Write a letter of complaint seeking a replacement or refund of the money in about 300 words.

4. You are an Assistant Manager in Asian Machines Ltd. Your company wants to start a new 10 manufacturing unit in Baddi. You are asked to make survey and submit a feasibility report in this regard. Write the report in letter format. You may imagine the relevant details.                                                                                          10 

OR  

The NSS unit of your college organized a community outreach program. You managed the whole tour as the student coordinator. Write a report in a suitable format to be submitted to the principal. You may imagine the relevant details.

5. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

While the previous decades of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations have failed to deliver effective and equitable climate action, this year’s Conference of the Parties (COP28) in the UAE is a unique opportunity to move from empty promises to real action. Real action on climate requires pragmatism. It would centre the specific needs of energy-poor countries in the Global South. It would recognize that the energy transition for much of the world is just that: a transition, in which legacy fuels are both rendered more efficient and used to finance the scale-up of renewable. Sermonizing COP presidencies have rarely understood the basic needs of the developing world. The concept like Green Capital is significant, and a similar pragmatic climate solution for the Global South would prioritize the spread of enterprise, of solutions, and of technology. As per the estimates, except two, all developed nations have failed in meeting their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It should be realized that climate finance is equally important to meet emission targets and cope with the impact of climate change. COP28 comes at a time when there is already momentum around Global South led multilateral cooperation. It is significant to note that the inclusion of Green Development Pact in the New Delhi Leaders Declaration creates a cohesive narrative around climate action as a catalyst for  sustainable and inclusive growth, India has highlighted a few priority action areas for the coming year, It is crucial to reduce the cost of Green Capital in the developing world, for which the climate finance needs to be increased. The world should look forward to institutionalize climate action and create a line of funds for Green Transitions. There needs to be a platform to underscore the repercussions of climate change. Innovation in climate technologies in the Global South must be encouraged through effective knowledge sharing and sufficient funds to support green projects. Breaking all monopolies,green technology and green energy must be accessible to all for a green future COP28 is an ideal starting point for the global community for solutions to the climate challenges.

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions in the context of the passage:

1. Mention four aspects of pragmatic climate action.  3
2. What does breaking monopolies’ signify in the context of the passage?  2
3. What do you infer from the term ‘cohesive narrative’ in the passage?  2
4. Which word in the passage is a synonym of ‘important”?   1
5. Which word in the passage is a antonym of “frequently”?  1
6. Which of the following is not relevant?  1
   UNFCCC hasn’t been able to result in an effective climate action.
   Global South is bound to be fully developed after COP28.
   Equitable climate action is necessary for a green future
   Many developed nations have failed in meeting their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

6. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Most scientists will agree about which explanations are good ones and which are not. The trouble comes when we make serious attempts to express precisely the standards they implicitly employ and to find general features common and distinctive of good scientific explanations. We may all agree that such explanations must involve laws. But to begin with, the exact degree of involvement of laws-explicit participation, implicit backing or something in between – is open to dispute. And then there is the problem of telling scientific laws from other sorts of non-explanatory generalizations and sorting out why the former explain when the latter do not. This problem turns out to involve the philosopher’s mystery about whether there are real necessities in nature. If there are no such necessities, it becomes hard to see what explanatory content laws have over what we such merely accidental generalizations, If laws do have the kind of necessity which makes them explanatory, it is not property they openly manifest for all to recognize Indeed there is the fundamental problem of telling how close your best guesses are to the laws of nature. Unless we can tell, we will have no basis on which to say whether any of our putative explanations do more than merely reduce temporary onslaught of curiosity. Attempts to avoid many of these problems, by turning our attention from laws to, say, causes as the bearer of explanatory power of science, will be not only unavailing but rather ironical. For it was to laws that the logical empiricists appealed in order to avoid traditional problems about causation. For example, they hoped to trade the problem of ‘what causal necessitation consists in’ for ‘an account of the difference between general laws and accidental generalizations’. But these two problems turn out to be the same. It is also argued that scientific explanation must ultimately show that science’s description of reality is not just true, but, necessarily, logically true. That the way the world is, is the only way it could be. We have good reason to think that any attempt to establish such a conclusion is bound to fail. Indeed, were it to succeed, we would be hard pressed to explain much of the fallible and self-correcting character of scientific knowledge.

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions in the context of the passage:

1. Describe the general concern in defining good scientific explanation. 3
2. What issues does the writer foresee if there are no real necessities in nature? 2 
3. What difference do you infer between scientific laws and accidental generalizations? 2 
4. Which word in the passage is a synonym of ‘overt”?  1
5. Which word in the passage is a antonym of ‘permanent”?  1
6. Make two sentences using the phrasal verb “consist in”. Do not repeat the sentence from the passage.  1

7. Make a precis of the following passage in about one third of its length and give a  suitable title. The précis should be written in your own words: 

Most of India’s philosophical systems and her most significant ideals and concepts originated centuries ago. However, understanding Indian philosophy does not mean that our concern is merely of antiquarian interest. We are concerned with India’s philosophical views because they provide the guiding principles of the life of the people. The ideas and concepts there are quite significant as the world has turned to them for new insights and deeper wisdom. No matter how old this knowledge is, we Indians are deeply rooted in our Philosophy, India is not wholly remolded in the outside (Western) influences. The striking developments and changes that are taking place in contemporary India are not out of accord with the Indian tradition though they are out of accord with some of the distortions and excesses of that tradition which arose primarily under the stress and pressure of unfortunate events and almost unbearable circumstances. The apparent incompatibility of traditional India and contemporary India is basically only that apparent. Long-range, comprehensive, and deep understanding will correct such an impression. There are changes, yes, but changes within the essential context of the many sided and inclusive tradition that is India. 

India’s strong contemporary interest in raising the standard of living and its emphasis on practical activities and on practical idealism, is as intrinsic to the Indian mind as it could be to any people on earth It can be clearly observed that the deep spirituality which is so dominant in India, both in thought and in life, is not so otherworldly or idealism, is as Pessimist. There is no incompatibility in this regard. However, philosophy is not merely a medium of understanding a culture in this really the search for knowledge, truth, India provides the basis s for a potential philosophical renaissance, if only the rest of the world, especially the West, will search out the new insights, the new institutions, the new attitudes and methods which might well at least supplement or enlarge if not replace or correct the perspective of the western mind. Professor George P. Conger says that the question here is not so much whether India can contribute, as whether the West is ready to receive. As in the case of understanding, so in the case of learning from other people. some remarkable attributes and attitudes are indispensable – and very difficult to adopt. Perhaps it is even more important to learn from other people that the “outsider’ must come with the spirit of humility, with open-mindedness and cordiality, and both willingness and determination to learn or learning will be impossible or superficial. Oversimplification and distortion are the inevitable results of the partial and superficial knowledge of a complex Indian philosophical tradition.

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